纳米尺度下干滑动摩擦的热激活
Thermal Activation of Dry Sliding Friction at The Nano-scale
AI总结：
本研究通过分子动力学模拟探究纳米尺度干滑动摩擦的温度依赖性，发现动摩擦系数随温度升高而降低，符合原子尺度摩擦的热激活规律。
摘要：
本研究采用分子动力学（MD）模拟，探究纳米尺度下动摩擦系数与温度的依赖关系。研究系统由包含32000个面心立方（FCC）晶格原子的铝球形颗粒在数层石墨烯堆叠表面滑动构成，模拟通过LAMMPS软件完成。相互作用势采用电荷优化多体势（COMB3），并通过朗之万（Langevin）恒温器将系统维持在近似恒定温度。基于线性粘性摩擦假设$F_{fr}= - γv$，推导得出动摩擦系数$γ$，并绘制了其在$T \in [1, 600] K$温度区间内不同温度下的变化曲线。结果显示，动摩擦系数随温度升高而降低。因此，在摩擦采用线性粘性模型的假设下，研究结果与原子尺度摩擦中的热激活现象一致，即：（1）滑动速度升高会使摩擦力增大；（2）温度升高会导致动摩擦系数降低。
英文摘要：
Molecular dynamic (MD) simulations are applied to investigate the dependency of the kinetic friction coefficient on the temperature at the nano-scale. The system is comprised of an aluminum spherical particle consisting of 32000 atoms in an FCC lattice sliding on a stack of several layers of graphene, and the simulations have done using LAMMPS. The interaction potential is charge-optimized many-body (COMB3) potential and a Langevin thermostat keep the system at a nearly constant temperature. With an assumption of linear viscous friction, $F_{fr}= - γv$, the kinetic friction coefficient $γ$ is derived and plotted at different temperatures in the interval of $T \in [1, 600] K$. As a result, by increasing temperature, the kinetic friction coefficient is decreased. Consequently, while the friction is assumed as a linear viscous model, the results are similar to the thermal activation in atomic-scale friction. That is, (1) by increasing sliding velocity friction force will be increased and (2) by increasing temperature, kinetic friction coefficient decreases.
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