用引力波检验广义相对论的累积误差：重叠信号和不准确波形
Accumulating errors in tests of general relativity with gravitational waves: overlapping signals and inaccurate waveforms
摘要：
对致密双星聚结产生的引力波（GW）的观测为广义相对论（GR）提供了强有力的检验，但数据分析中的系统误差可能导致不正确的科学结论。该问题在信噪比（SNR）高且检测次数多的第三代GW检测器中尤其严重。在这项工作中，我们调查的影响重叠的信号和不准确的波形模型的GR测试。我们模拟爱因斯坦望远镜和宇宙探测器的模拟目录，并使用不同程度的不准确的波形模型进行GR的参数测试。我们发现，非GR参数估计的系统误差可能会积累到一个错误的偏离GR时，从多个事件的结果相结合，虽然一个baidian模型选择分析可能不赞成的偏差。波形不准确是造成系统误差的主要原因，但由于信号的不正确去除，多个重叠信号会放大系统误差的影响。我们还指出，测试GR使用选定的“黄金二进制”与高SNR更容易受到错误的偏差从GR。错误积累的问题是普遍的，我们强调，它必须得到解决，以充分利用数据从第三代GW探测器，并进一步调查，特别是在波形精度，将是必不可少的。
英文摘要：
Observations of gravitational waves (GWs) from compact binary coalescences provide powerful tests of general relativity (GR), but systematic errors in data analysis could lead to incorrect scientific conclusions. This issue is especially serious in the third-generation GW detectors in which the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is high and the number of detections is large. In this work, we investigate the impacts of overlapping signals and inaccurate waveform models on tests of GR. We simulate mock catalogs for Einstein Telescope and Cosmic Explorer and perform parametric tests of GR using waveform models with different levels of inaccuracy. We find the systematic error in non-GR parameter estimates could accumulate toward a false deviation from GR when combining results from multiple events, although a bayesian model selection analysis may not favour a deviation. Waveform inaccuracies contribute most to the systematic errors, but multiple overlapping signals could magnify the effects of systematics due to the incorrect removal of signals. We also point out that testing GR using selected ''golden binaries'' with high SNR is even more vulnerable to false deviations from GR. The problem of error accumulation is universal; we emphasize that it must be addressed to fully exploit the data from third-generation GW detectors, and that further investigations, particularly in waveform accuracy, will be essential.
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