镜像核 $^3$He 和 $^3$H 的核子结构函数比 $\ rac{F_2^n}{F_2^p}$ 外推与统计自助法的物理意义
Physical Implications of the Extrapolation and Statistical Bootstrap of the Nucleon Structure Function Ratio $\frac{F_2^n}{F_2^p}$ for Mirror Nuclei $^3$He and $^3$H
AI总结：
本文利用统计自助法对MARATHON数据的核子结构函数比 $\ rac{F_2^n}{F_2^p}$ 进行外推，发现高 $x_B$ 区比值趋近0.4且 $d/u$ 趋近1/6，最接近微扰QCD预测但仍存约7%差异，需结合兼容模型改善。
摘要：
本文将统计自助法的核物理示例应用于 MARATHON 数据的核子结构函数比 $\ rac{F_2^n}{F_2^p}$，涵盖夸克动量分数 $x_B\ ightarrow0$ 和 $x_B\ ightarrow1$ 区域。当夸克动量分数 $x_B\ ightarrow 1$ 时，外推的 $F_2$ 比值趋近于 0.4，并将该值与理论预测进行了比较。当 $x_B\ ightarrow 0$ 时，外推比值支持同位旋对称简单模型，即在低动量分数下海夸克完全占主导地位。在高 $x_B$ 区，从 $x\ ightarrow 1$ 时的比值 $\ rac{F_2^n}{F_2^p}\ ightarrow 0.4$ 导出质子夸克分布函数比 $d/u$，发现 $d/u \ ightarrow 1/6$。我们外推的 $\ rac{F_2^n}{F_2^p}$ 比值和 $d/u$ 部分子分布函数比值最接近基于夸克计数和螺旋性守恒论证的微扰 QCD 值，但仍存在约 7% 的差异。如果两个兼容模型在核子波函数中同时起作用，这种与理论预测的不匹配可能会得到改善。其中一个例子是核子波函数由夸克-双夸克态和 3 价夸克关联态的线性组合构成，其系数组合后给出外推的 $F_2$ 比值 0.4。
英文摘要：
A nuclear physics example of statistical bootstrap is used on the MARATHON data nucleon structure function ratio, $\frac{F_2^n}{F_2^p}$, in the quark momentum fraction $x_B\rightarrow0$ and $x_B\rightarrow1$ regions. The extrapolated $F_2$ ratio value as quark momentum fraction $x_B\rightarrow 1$ approaches 0.4 and this value is compared to theoretical predictions. The extrapolated ratio when $x_B\rightarrow 0$ favors the simple model of isospin symmetry with the complete dominance of seaquarks at low momentum fraction. At high-$x_B$, the proton quark distribution function ratio $d/u$ is derived from the $x\rightarrow 1$ ratio $\frac{F_2^n}{F_2^p}\rightarrow 0.4$ and found to be $d/u \rightarrow 1/6$. Our extrapolated values for both the $\frac{F_2^n}{F_2^p}$ ratio and the $d/u$ parton distribution function ratio most closely match perturbative QCD values from quark counting and helicity conservation arguments but still differ by roughly $7\%$. The mismatch to theoretical predictions may be ameliorated if two compatible models act simultaneously in the nucleon wavefunction. One such example is nucleon wavefunctions composed of a linear combination of a quark-diquark state and a 3-valence quark correlated state with coefficients that combine to give the extrapolated $F_2$ ratio of $0.4$.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
