利用超高真空多叶准直器和发射度交换束线进行束流整形
Beam shaping using an ultra-high vacuum multileaf collimator and emittance exchange beamline
摘要：
我们报告了一个多叶准直器（MLC）的带电粒子束，独立驱动的钨条，可以选择性地散射不需要的粒子的基础上的发展。MLC与发射度交换束线结合使用，以快速产生高度可变的纵向聚束轮廓。开发的MLC由40个独立的叶片组成，叶片宽2 mm，最大可移动10 mm，并在超高真空环境中运行，通过磁耦合驱动等新功能实现。在阿贡韦克菲尔德加速器进行了一项实验，以测试功能，该加速器以前在发射度交换光束线之前使用不灵活的激光切割掩模进行光束整形。该实验证明了无数的横向掩模轮廓，如在MLC的闪烁体下游测量的，以及发射度交换后的相应纵向轮廓，如使用横向偏转腔测量的。在掩模形状之间的快速变化使得能够快速执行各种实验，而没有与传统方法相关的停机时间。MLC的许多自由度可以使用前馈控制和先进的机器学习方法来优化实验品质因数。
英文摘要：
We report the development of a multileaf collimator (MLC) for charged particle beams, based on independently actuated tungsten strips which can selectively scatter unwanted particles. The MLC is used in conjunction with an emittance exchange beamline to rapidly generate highly variable longitudinal bunch profiles. The developed MLC consists of 40 independent leaves that are 2 mm wide and can move up to 10 mm, and operates in an ultra high vacuum environment, enabled by novel features such as magnetically coupled actuation. An experiment at the Argonne Wakefield Accelerator, which previously used inflexible, laser-cut masks for beam shaping before an emittance exchange beamline, was conducted to test functionality. The experiment demonstrated myriad transverse mask silhouettes, as measured on a scintillator downstream of the MLC and the corresponding longitudinal profiles after emittance exchange, as measured using a transverse deflecting cavity. Rapidly changing between mask shapes enables expeditious execution of various experiments without the downtime associated with traditional methods. The many degrees of freedom of the MLC can enable optimization of experimental figures of merit using feed-forward control and advanced machine learning methods.
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