通过对偶化进行测试
Testing by Dualization
AI总结：
本文提出一种基于语言的对偶化测试方法，通过规范化和验证非确定性行为，将规范推导为交互式测试程序，并在 Web 服务器和文件同步器等真实系统上验证了其发现规范与实现不一致的能力。
摘要：
软件工程需要严格的测试来保证产品质量。功能正确性的语义测试受到行为中非确定性的挑战，这使得测试人员难以编写和推理。本论文提出了一种基于语言的技术，用于测试交互式系统。我提出了一种用于规范化和验证非确定性行为的理论，并具有可靠性和正确性保证。然后我将该理论应用于测试实践，并展示了如何将规范推导为交互式测试程序。我还引入了一种语言设计，用于生成能够有效检测和复现无效行为的测试输入。我通过规范化和测试真实世界系统（如 Web 服务器和文件同步器）来评估该方法，证明了所推导的测试器能够发现规范与实现之间的不一致。
英文摘要：
Software engineering requires rigorous testing to guarantee the product's quality. Semantic testing of functional correctness is challenged by nondeterminism in behavior, which makes testers difficult to write and reason about. This thesis presents a language-based technique for testing interactive systems. I propose a theory for specifying and validating nondeterministic behaviors, with guaranteed soundness and correctness. I then apply the theory to testing practices, and show how to derive specifications into interactive tester programs. I also introduce a language design for producing test inputs that can effectively detect and reproduce invalid behaviors. I evaluate the methodology by specifying and testing real-world systems such as web servers and file synchronizers, demonstrating the derived testers' ability to find disagreements between the specification and the implementation.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
