Six More Ultra-Faint Milky Way Companions Discovered in the DECam Local Volume Exploration Survey
W. Cerny, C. E. Martínez-Vázquez, A. Drlica-Wagner, A. B. Pace, B. Mutlu-Pakdil, T. S. Li, A. H. Riley, D. Crnojević, C. R. Bom, J. A. Carballo-Bello, J. L. Car… 展开作者
W. Cerny, C. E. Martínez-Vázquez, A. Drlica-Wagner, A. B. Pace, B. Mutlu-Pakdil, T. S. Li, A. H. Riley, D. Crnojević, C. R. Bom, J. A. Carballo-Bello, J. L. Carlin, A. Chiti, Y. Choi, M. L. M. Collins, E Darragh-Ford, P. S. Ferguson, M. Geha, D. Martínez-Delgado, P. Massana, S. Mau, G. E. Medina, R. R. Muñoz, E. O. Nadler, K. A. G. Olsen, A. Pieres, J. D. Sakowska, J. D. Simon, G. S. Stringfellow, A. K. Vivas, A. R. Walker, R. H. Wechsler
备注:
30 pages, 12 Figures (including Appendix). Submitted to ApJ. We encourage the reader to also review Smith et al. 2022, "Discovery of a new Local Group Dwarf Galaxy Candidate in UNIONS: Boötes V" (arxiv: 2209.08242), who independently present the discovery of one of the candidates reported here. We are working to make code and data products available
我们报告了通过匹配滤波搜索发现的六个超暗银河系卫星系统,该搜索使用了暗能量相机(DECam)数据,这些数据作为 DECam 局部体积探测(DELVE)巡天第二次数据发布的一部分进行了处理。利用深度 Gemini/GMOS-N 成像(针对四个候选体)以及后续 DECam 成像(针对两个候选体),我们刻画了这些系统的形态和恒星族群特征。我们发现这些候选体都具有暗弱的绝对星等($M_{V} \geq -3.2$ mag)和年老、贫金属的恒星族群($τ> 10$ Gyr,[Fe/H] $< -1.4$ dex)。其中三个系统较为延展($r_{1/2} > 15$ pc),而另外三个则较为致密($r_{1/2} < 10$ pc)。根据这些性质,我们推断前三个系统(Boötes V、Leo Minor I 和 Virgo II)符合超暗矮星系的分类,而后三个系统(DELVE 3、DELVE 4 和 DELVE 5)很可能是超暗星团。利用 Gaia 卫星的数据,我们可靠地测量了 Boötes V、Leo Minor I 和 DELVE 4 的自行,并初步探测到 DELVE 3 和 DELVE 5 的自行信号;Virgo II 未探测到信号。我们利用这些测量结果来探索新发现系统与人马座矮椭球星系、麦哲伦云和巨极结构之间可能存在的关联,发现了若干可能的关联。我们的结果预示了 Vera C. Rubin 天文台即将发现的大量超暗恒星系统,并突显了分类最暗弱恒星系统所面临的挑战。
英文摘要:
We report the discovery of six ultra-faint Milky Way satellites discovered through matched-filter searches conducted using Dark Energy Camera (DECam) data processed as part of the second data release of the DECam Local Volume Exploration (DELVE) survey. Leveraging deep Gemini/GMOS-N imaging (for four candidates) as well as follow-up DECam imaging (for two candidates), we characterize the morphologies and stellar populations of these systems. We find that these candidates all share faint absolute magnitudes ($M_{V} \geq -3.2$ mag) and old, metal-poor stellar populations ($τ> 10$ Gyr, [Fe/H] $< -1.4$ dex). Three of these systems are more extended ($r_{1/2} > 15$ pc), while the other three are compact ($r_{1/2} < 10$ pc). From these properties, we infer that the former three systems (Boötes V, Leo Minor I, and Virgo II) are consistent with ultra-faint dwarf galaxy classifications, whereas the latter three (DELVE 3, DELVE 4, and DELVE 5) are likely ultra-faint star clusters. Using data from the Gaia satellite, we confidently measure the proper motion of Boötes V, Leo Minor I, and DELVE 4, and tentatively detect a proper motion signal from DELVE 3 and DELVE 5; no signal is detected for Virgo II. We use these measurements to explore possible associations between the newly-discovered systems and the Sagittarius dwarf spheroidal, the Magellanic Clouds, and the Vast Polar Structure, finding several plausible associations. Our results offer a preview of the numerous ultra-faint stellar systems that will soon be discovered by the Vera C. Rubin Observatory and highlight the challenges of classifying the faintest stellar systems.
NGC 3521 as the Milky Way near twin: spectral energy distribution from UV to radio decameter ranges
Main Astronomical Observatory of the NAS of Ukraine(乌克兰国家科学院主要天文台);Institute of Radio Astronomy of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine(乌克兰国家科学院射电天文学研究所);International Center for Astronomical, Medical, and Ecological Research, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine(乌克兰国家科学院国际天文、医学与生态研究中心);Institute of Astronomy, V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University(V.N.卡拉津哈尔科夫国立大学天文学研究所);Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC)(加那利群岛天体物理研究所)
通过均匀孔径测光构建银河系近双胞胎 NGC 3521 从紫外到十米波段的 SED,结合 CIGALE 建模和低频射电约束,验证其作为银河系模拟体的可行性。
The DECam MAGIC Survey $-$ Mapping the Ancient Galaxy in CaHK: Overview and Summary of Early Science
Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics & Cosmology, Stanford University(斯坦福大学卡弗里粒子天体物理与宇宙学研究所);Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory(费米国家加速器实验室);Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago(芝加哥大学卡弗里宇宙物理学研究所);Department of Astronomy & Astrophysics, University of Chicago(芝加哥大学天文与天体物理系);NSF-Simons AI Institute for the Sky (SkAI)(NSF-Simons天空人工智能研究所);Department of Astronomy, University of Virginia(弗吉尼亚大学天文学系);Department of Astronomy, Yale University(耶鲁大学天文学系);Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Astronomia, Geofísica e Ciências Atmosféricas(圣保罗大学天文、地球物理与大气科学学院);Instituto de Alta Investigación, Universidad de Tarapacá(塔拉帕卡大学高级研究所)
Discovery of the Distant, Ultra-Faint Milky Way Satellite Aquarius IV with the Vera C. Rubin Observatory Early Data Preview 2
Yale University(耶鲁大学);University of Chicago(芝加哥大学);Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory(费米国家加速器实验室);University of Virginia(弗吉尼亚大学);University of Washington(华盛顿大学)
The abundance and properties of the lowest luminosity dwarf galaxies around the Milky Way: Insights from Semi-Analytic Models
Department of Astronomy, University of Virginia(弗吉尼亚大学天文学系);Virginia Institute for Theoretical Astronomy, University of Virginia(弗吉尼亚理论天文研究所);Carnegie Observatories(卡内基观测站)
The Orbit and Origin of the Ultra-faint Dwarf Galaxy Segue 1
我们提出了第一个自行测量的超暗矮球状星系,Segue 1,使用SDSS和LBC数据作为第一和第二个时代分开的基线为$\sim 10$年。我们得到了一个$μ_α\,\cos(δ) = -0.37\pm0.57$ mas yr $^{-1}$和$μ_δ =-3.39\pm0.58$ mas yr $^{-1}$的运动.结合已知的视线速度,这对应于银河系中心的V $_\mathrm{rad}=84\pm9$和V $_\mathrm{tan}=164^{+66}_{-55}$ km s $^{-1}$。应用银河系晕质量在0.8到1.6 $\times 10^{12}$ M $_\odot$之间的结果是远心在距离银河系中心33.9 $^{+21.7}_{-7.4}$ kpc,近心在距离银河系中心15.4 $^{+10.1}_{-9.0}$ kpc,表明Segue~1与银河系的结合相当紧密。由于Segue 1的轨道极点和它到银河系的距离都与更大质量的经典矮星相似,Segue 1不太可能曾经是一个大质量已知星系的卫星。利用银河系质量星系的宇宙学放大模拟,我们发现了与Segue~1轨道相似的暗晕,这意味着暗晕的轨道性质:第一次下沉的中位值为8.1 $^{+3.6}_{-4.3}$ Gyrs,此后的中位值为4次近心通过,近心为22.8 $^{+4.7}_{-4.8}$ kpc。这比直接从Segue …
Discovery and Spectroscopic Characterization of a Distant, Compact Milky Way Satellite in Gemini
University of Chicago(芝加哥大学);Yale University(耶鲁大学);NSF NOIRLab(美国国家科学基金会NOIR实验室);University of Virginia(弗吉尼亚大学);Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory(费米国家加速器实验室)
The Pristine Dwarf Galaxy Survey -- VII. The metallicity distributions of 12 Milky Way faint satellites
Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)(洛桑联邦理工学院);Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Cité, CY Cergy Paris Université, CNRS(巴黎天文台,巴黎文理研究大学,索邦大学,巴黎西岱大学,塞吉-蓬图瓦兹大学,法国国家科学研究中心);IFCA, Instituto de Física de Cantabria (UC-CSIC)(坎塔布里亚物理研究所(坎塔布里亚大学-西班牙国家研究委员会));Observatoire astronomique de Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS(斯特拉斯堡天文台,斯特拉斯堡大学,法国国家科学研究中心);Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie(马克斯·普朗克天文学研究所);School of Astronomy and Space Science, Nanjing University(南京大学天文与空间科学学院);Key Laboratory of Modern Astronomy and Astrophysics (Nanjing University), Ministry of Education(南京大学现代天文与天体物理教育部重点实验室);Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias(加那利天体物理学研究所);Universidad de La Laguna(拉帕鲁纳大学);Institute of Astronomy, Unive(天文学研究所)
A Chemodynamical Census of the Milky Way's Ultra-Faint Compact Satellites. I. A First Population-Level Look at the Internal Kinematics and Metallicities of 19 Extremely-Low-Mass Halo Stellar Systems
Yale University(耶鲁大学);University of Toronto(多伦多大学);Dunlap Institute for Astronomy & Astrophysics(邓普勒天文学与天体物理学研究所);University of Virginia(弗吉尼亚大学);Carnegie Institution for Science(卡内基科学机构);University of Chicago(芝加哥大学);Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics(卡弗里宇宙物理学研究所);Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory(费米国家加速器实验室)
A Deep Look at the Ultra-Faint Milky Way Satellite Virgo III with Rubin Observatory Data Preview 2
University of Chicago(芝加哥大学);Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago(芝加哥大学卡弗里宇宙物理学研究所);NSF-Simons AI Institute for the Sky (SkAI)(美国国家科学基金会-西蒙斯天空人工智能研究所);Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory(费米国家加速器实验室);Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Chicago(芝加哥大学天体物理学系);DIRAC Institute, Department of Astronomy, University of Washington(华盛顿大学天文学系迪拉克研究所);Department of Astronomy, Yale University(耶鲁大学天文学系)