精细度超过400 000的中红外超级反射镜
Mid-infrared supermirrors with finesse exceeding 400 000
AI总结：
本文提出衬底转移单晶干涉涂层，在4.5 μm附近实现最高超过400 000的腔精细度和低于5 ppm的额外损耗，并在线性腔衰荡光谱仪中验证最低归一化噪声等效吸收。
摘要：
对于痕量气体传感和精密光谱学而言，集成低损耗反射镜的光学腔对于增加光程长度和提升光强不可或缺。可见光和近红外（NIR）光谱区的光学干涉涂层已经实现低于百万分之二（ppm）的总光学损耗，使光学腔精细度能够超过100万。然而，尽管存在大量科学兴趣，中红外（MIR）领域一直缺乏此类进展。在这里，我们展示了高性能MIR反射镜的一项重大突破，报道了衬底转移的单晶干涉涂层，其在4.5 μm附近可实现200 000至400 000的光学腔精细度，且额外光学损耗（散射和吸收）低于5 ppm。在首次原理验证演示中，我们在线性腔衰荡光谱仪中实现了按腔长归一化的最低噪声等效吸收。这一显著的性能提升将解锁丰富多样的MIR应用，涵盖大气输运和环境科学、逃逸排放检测、过程气体监测、呼气气体分析以及生物源燃料和塑料的验证。
英文摘要：
For trace gas sensing and precision spectroscopy, optical cavities incorporating low-loss mirrors are indispensable for path length and optical intensity enhancement. Optical interference coatings in the visible and near-infrared (NIR) spectral regions have achieved total optical losses below 2 parts per million (ppm), enabling a cavity finesse in excess of 1 million. However, such advancements have been lacking in the mid-infrared (MIR), despite substantial scientific interest. Here, we demonstrate a significant breakthrough in high-performance MIR mirrors, reporting substrate-transferred single-crystal interference coatings capable of cavity finesse values from 200 000 to 400 000 near 4.5 um, with excess optical losses (scatter and absorption) below 5 ppm. In a first proof-of-concept demonstration, we achieve the lowest noise-equivalent absorption in a linear cavity ring-down spectrometer normalized by cavity length. This substantial improvement in performance will unlock a rich variety of MIR applications for atmospheric transport and environmental sciences, detection of fugitive emissions, process gas monitoring, breath-gas analysis, and verification of biogenic fuels and plastics.
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