反社会行为从边缘平台的溢出效应：社区封禁的意外后果
Spillover of Antisocial Behavior from Fringe Platforms: The Unintended Consequences of Community Banning
AI总结：
本研究发现，主流平台封禁问题社区致使用户迁移至边缘平台，这种边缘平台的参与反而因果性地增加了用户在主流平台上的毒性和违规行为，证实了反社会行为的溢出效应。
摘要：
在线平台面临着保持其社区文明和相互尊重的压力。因此，主流平台（如 Reddit 和 Facebook）对问题社区的封禁通常会得到公众的热烈反响。然而，这一政策可能导致用户迁移到审核标准较低的替代边缘平台，在这些平台上，喷子和骚扰等反社会行为被广泛接受。由于这些社区的用户通常在主流和边缘平台上保持共同活跃状态，反社会行为可能会溢出到主流平台上。我们通过分析来自三个迁移到边缘平台的被封禁社区（r/The_Donald、r/GenderCritical 和 r/Incels）的约 70,000 名用户来研究这种可能的溢出效应。使用双重差分设计，我们将共同活跃用户与匹配的对照组进行对比，以估计边缘平台参与对用户在 Reddit 上反社会行为的因果影响。结果显示，参与边缘社区增加了用户在 Reddit 上的毒性（由 Perspective API 测量），以及他们参与与被封禁社区相似的 subreddit 的程度——这些社区通常也违反平台规范。这种效应会随着时间的推移和对边缘平台的接触而加剧。简而言之，我们发现了反社会行为通过共同参与从边缘平台溢出到 Reddit 的证据。
英文摘要：
Online platforms face pressure to keep their communities civil and respectful. Thus, the bannings of problematic online communities from mainstream platforms like Reddit and Facebook are often met with enthusiastic public reactions. However, this policy can lead users to migrate to alternative fringe platforms with lower moderation standards and where antisocial behaviors like trolling and harassment are widely accepted. As users of these communities often remain co-active across mainstream and fringe platforms, antisocial behaviors may spill over onto the mainstream platform. We study this possible spillover by analyzing around 70,000 users from three banned communities that migrated to fringe platforms: r/The_Donald, r/GenderCritical, and r/Incels. Using a difference-in-differences design, we contrast co-active users with matched counterparts to estimate the causal effect of fringe platform participation on users' antisocial behavior on Reddit. Our results show that participating in the fringe communities increases users' toxicity on Reddit (as measured by Perspective API) and involvement with subreddits similar to the banned community -- which often also breach platform norms. The effect intensifies with time and exposure to the fringe platform. In short, we find evidence for a spillover of antisocial behavior from fringe platforms onto Reddit via co-participation.
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