AI供应链中的责任错位：模块化与开发者对责任的认知
Dislocated Accountabilities in the AI Supply Chain: Modularity and Developers' Notions of Responsibility
AI总结：
本研究通过访谈27位AI工程师，揭示供应链模块化导致责任错位，提出以定位责任方法改进现有负责任AI干预措施。
摘要：
负责任的人工智能指南要求工程师考虑其系统可能造成的伤害。然而，当代人工智能系统是由许多预先存在的软件模块组合而成，这些模块在成为最终产品或服务之前会经过许多人之手。这是如何影响负责任的人工智能实践的呢？在对来自工业界、开源社区和学术界的27位人工智能工程师的访谈中，我们的参与者往往认为负责任的人工智能指南中提出的问题不在他们的代理范围、能力或责任之内。我们使用Suchman的“定位责任”概念来展示负责任的人工智能劳动目前是如何组织的，并探索如何以不同方式开展这项工作。我们识别出跨领域的社会逻辑，如可模块化性、规模、声誉和客户导向，这些逻辑组织了哪些负责任的人工智能行动确实发生，以及哪些行动被降级给低地位员工，或被认为是在想象中的“供应链”中下一个或上一个人员的工作。我们认为，当前负责任的人工智能干预措施，如假设对系统具有全景式知识和控制的伦理检查清单和指南，可以通过采取定位责任的方法来改进，认识到在供应链内外关系和义务可能如何交织。
英文摘要：
Responsible artificial intelligence guidelines ask engineers to consider how their systems might harm. However, contemporary artificial intelligence systems are built by composing many preexisting software modules that pass through many hands before becoming a finished product or service. How does this shape responsible artificial intelligence practice? In interviews with 27 artificial intelligence engineers across industry, open source, and academia, our participants often did not see the questions posed in responsible artificial intelligence guidelines to be within their agency, capability, or responsibility to address. We use Suchman's "located accountability" to show how responsible artificial intelligence labor is currently organized and to explore how it could be done differently. We identify cross-cutting social logics, like modularizability, scale, reputation, and customer orientation, that organize which responsible artificial intelligence actions do take place and which are relegated to low status staff or believed to be the work of the next or previous person in the imagined "supply chain." We argue that current responsible artificial intelligence interventions, like ethics checklists and guidelines that assume panoptical knowledge and control over systems, could be improved by taking a located accountability approach, recognizing where relations and obligations might intertwine inside and outside of this supply chain.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
