胚胎干细胞谱系分离的差异弹性
Differential elasticity in lineage segregation of embryonic stem cells
摘要：
是什么引导谱系分离的问题是发育的核心，细胞分化导致分离的细胞群体注定要发挥专门的功能。在这里，使用光学镊子测量小鼠胚胎干细胞（mESC），我们揭示了一个机械机制的基础上差异弹性的第二谱系分离的胚胎内细胞团成上胚层（EPI）细胞-这将发展成胎儿-和原始内胚层（PrE）-这将形成胚外结构，如卵黄囊。值得注意的是，我们发现这些机械差异已经发生在引发过程中，而不仅仅是在细胞分化之后。具体来说，我们表明，mESC是高度弹性的任何其他报告的细胞类型相比，PrE细胞是显着更有弹性比EPI引发的细胞。使用模型的两种细胞类型不同的弹性，我们表明，差异弹性单独可以导致细胞类型之间的隔离，这表明细胞的机械属性有助于隔离过程。我们的研究结果提出了差异弹性作为一个以前未知的机械贡献者的谱系隔离在胚胎形态发生。
英文摘要：
The question of what guides lineage segregation is central to development, where cellular differentiation leads to segregated cell populations destined for specialized functions. Here, using optical tweezers measurements of mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs), we reveal a mechanical mechanism based on differential elasticity in the second lineage segregation of the embryonic inner cell mass into epiblast (EPI) cells - that will develop into the fetus - and primitive endoderm (PrE) - which will form extraembryonic structures such as the yolk sac. Remarkably, we find that these mechanical differences already occur during priming and not just after a cell has committed to differentiation. Specifically, we show that the mESCs are highly elastic compared to any other reported cell type and that the PrE cells are significantly more elastic than EPI-primed cells. Using a model of two cell types differing only in elasticity we show that differential elasticity alone can lead to segregation between cell types, suggesting that the mechanical attributes of the cells contribute to the segregation process. Our findings present differential elasticity as a previously unknown mechanical contributor to the lineage segregation during the embryo morphogenesis.
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