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arXiv 2209.07696cs.LGcs.NE
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马尔可夫决策过程中统一的策略抽象理论和表示学习方法

Towards A Unified Policy Abstraction Theory and Representation Learning Approach in Markov Decision Processes

College of Intelligence and Computing, Tianjin University(天津大学智能与计算学部)

Min Zhang, Hongyao Tang, Jianye Hao, Yan Zheng

摘要:

策略的表示和优化是智能决策系统的核心问题。该问题的根本挑战是策略空间的大规模和高复杂性,这加剧了策略学习的难度,特别是在现实世界的场景中。近年来,低维隐空间中的策略表示方法在策略评估和优化方面显示出了巨大的潜力。在这些研究中涉及的关键问题是,我们应该根据什么标准抽象的政策空间所需的压缩和推广。然而,无论是策略抽象的理论还是策略表示学习的方法,在文献中的研究都较少。在这项工作中,我们首先努力填补空缺。首先,我们提出了一个统一的策略抽象理论,包含三种类型的策略抽象相关联的政策功能在不同的水平。然后,我们将它们概括为三个量化距离的策略度量(即,相似性),以便更方便地用于学习策略表示。此外,我们提出了一种基于深度度量学习的策略表示学习方法。在实证研究中,我们分别考察了所提出的政策度量和表示在表征政策差异和传达政策概括方面的功效。我们在策略优化和评估问题上进行了实验,包括信任域策略优化(TRPO),多样性引导的演化策略(DGES)和离策略评估(OPE)。有些自然,实验结果表明,没有一个普遍的最佳抽象的所有下游学习问题,而影响无关的政策抽象可以是一个普遍的首选。

英文摘要:

Lying on the heart of intelligent decision-making systems, how policy is represented and optimized is a fundamental problem. The root challenge in this problem is the large scale and the high complexity of policy space, which exacerbates the difficulty of policy learning especially in real-world scenarios. Towards a desirable surrogate policy space, recently policy representation in a low-dimensional latent space has shown its potential in improving both the evaluation and optimization of policy. The key question involved in these studies is by what criterion we should abstract the policy space for desired compression and generalization. However, both the theory on policy abstraction and the methodology on policy representation learning are less studied in the literature. In this work, we make very first efforts to fill up the vacancy. First, we propose a unified policy abstraction theory, containing three types of policy abstraction associated to policy features at different levels. Then, we generalize them to three policy metrics that quantify the distance (i.e., similarity) of policies, for more convenient use in learning policy representation. Further, we propose a policy representation learning approach based on deep metric learning. For the empirical study, we investigate the efficacy of the proposed policy metrics and representations, in characterizing policy difference and conveying policy generalization respectively. Our experiments are conducted in both policy optimization and evaluation problems, containing trust-region policy optimization (TRPO), diversity-guided evolution strategy (DGES) and off-policy evaluation (OPE). Somewhat naturally, the experimental results indicate that there is no a universally optimal abstraction for all downstream learning problems; while the influence-irrelevance policy abstraction can be a generally preferred choice.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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