在QED中解析带电强子——规范不变插值算符
Resolving Charged Hadrons in QED -- Gauge Invariant Interpolating Operators
AI总结:
针对QED中带电介子插值算符缺乏规范不变性的问题,本文提出通过引入辅助带电标量场构造规范不变算符,证明其红外有限性,并建立到所有阶的等价性,适用于任意自旋、味和末态的带电强子过程。
摘要:
带电介子的标准插值算符,例如用于 $B^-$ 的 $J_{B} = \bar b i γ_5 u$,在QED中并不具有规范不变性,因此对微扰方法而言存在问题。我们通过添加一个辅助带电标量场 $Φ_B$,提出一个规范不变的插值算符 ${\cal J}_{B}^{(0)} = J_B \\, Φ_B$,该算符能够重现所有普适的软对数和共线对数。我们证明修改后的LSZ因子是红外有限的,这是验证该方法的必要条件。在 ${\cal O}(α)$ 阶,这等价于对带电算符进行一种特定的Dirac dressing。利用迭代积分对其进行推广,可以确立到所有阶的等价性,并提供一个透明的替代视角。该方法以轻子衰变 $B^- \to \ell^- \bar ν$ 为例进行了讨论,后续将进行数值研究。该形式体系本身对任意自旋、味和末态集合(例如 $B^- \to π^0 \ell^- \bar ν$)均有效。
英文摘要:
Standard interpolating operators for charged mesons, e.g. $J_{B} = \bar b i γ_5 u$ for $B^-$, are not gauge invariant in QED and therefore problematic for perturbative methods. We propose a gauge invariant interpolating operator by adding an auxiliary charged scalar $Φ_B$, ${\cal J}_{B}^{(0)} = J_B \, Φ_B$, which reproduces all the universal soft and collinear logs. The modified LSZ-factor is shown to be infrared finite which is a necessary condition for validating the approach. At ${\cal O}(α)$, this is equivalent to a specific Dirac dressing of charged operators. A generalisation thereof, using iterated integrals, establishes the equivalence to all orders and provides a transparent alternative viewpoint. The method is discussed by the example of the leptonic decay $B^- \to \ell^- \bar ν$ for which a numerical study is to follow. The formalism itself is valid for any spin, flavour and set of final states (e.g. $B^- \to π^0 \ell^- \bar ν$).
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