具有巨大多重压力响应性的玻璃晶体
Glassy crystals with colossal multi-baroresponsivities
摘要：
作为一种非平凡的固态物质，玻璃-晶体状态包含晶体和非晶态固体的物理特征，其中由组成分子的质量中心形成的长程有序周期结构容纳取向玻璃。在这里，我们发现并验证了2-氨基-2-甲基-1，3-丙二醇（AMP，C4 H11 NO2）的玻璃晶体状态的中子散射和互补宽带介电谱（BDS）测量。动态取向无序的冻结过程表现在弛豫时间以及描述的Vogel-Fulcher-Tammann（VFT）法律和强烈的频率依赖性冻结温度范围从约225 K在0.1 Hz以上的GHz区域中的室温。在室温下，过冷态对压力非常敏感，几MPa的压力就能诱导结晶，最终导致温度在20 s内升高48 K，可见光透过率从约95%显著降低到几个百分点，电导率显著降低三个数量级。这些超灵敏的气压响应性可能会在低级废热回收，压力传感器和非易失性存储设备中找到应用。人们期望玻璃晶体作为一个新兴的平台，利用奇异的物质状态和相关的梦幻般的应用。
英文摘要：
As a nontrivial solid state of matter, the glassy-crystal state embraces physical features of both crystalline and amorphous solids, where a long-range ordered periodic structure formed by the mass centers of constituent molecules accommodates orientational glasses. Here, we discover and validate a glassy-crystal state in 2-amino-2-methyl-1,3-propanediol (AMP, C4H11NO2) by neutron scattering and complementary broadband dielectric spectroscopy (BDS) measurements. The freezing process of the dynamic orientational disorder is manifested at relaxation times well described by the Vogel-Fulcher-Tammann (VFT) law and the strongly frequency-dependent freezing temperature ranging from around 225 K at 0.1 Hz to above room temperature in the GHz region. At room temperature, the supercooled state is extremely sensitive to pressure such that a few MPa pressure can induce crystallization to the ordered crystal state, eventually leading to a temperature increase by 48 K within 20 s, a significant reduction of visible light transmittance from about 95% to a few percentages, and a remarkable decrease of electrical conductivity by three orders of magnitude. These ultrasensitive baroresponsivities might find their applications in low-grade waste heat recycling, pressure sensors and non-volatile memory devices. It is expected that glassy crystals serve as an emerging platform for exploiting exotic states of matter and the associated fantastic applications.
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