利用尺寸、重量和功率受限的机器人进行冰下地球化学观测
Enabling Under-Ice Geochemical Observations with a Size, Weight, and Power-Constrained Robot
摘要：
北极河口环境的温室气体排放量的估计主要是由在现场夏季无冰溶解气体测量，由于在这些条件下进行实地观测的后勤方便。然而，最近的证据表明，在沿海北极环境中，溶解的甲烷（CH4）和二氧化碳（CO2）是强烈的季节性变化，至少有一个显着的气体通风事件发生在春季刷新。北极作为温室气体排放源还是汇，对气候变化及其反馈机制的模拟具有重要意义。为了能够在典型的欠采样条件下对溶解气体进行更高分辨率的时空测量，可以使用遥控潜水器（ROV）在春季刷新之前和期间在冰下提取接近连续的水样。在这里，我们提出了一个大小，重量和功率约束（SWAP）水下航行器（UV）和新的地球化学采样系统，适合采取冰下地球化学观测，并证明了该系统在北极河口研究的现场模拟设置。
英文摘要：
Estimates of greenhouse gas emissions from Arctic estuarine environments are dominated by in situ summer-time ice-free dissolved gas measurements due to the logistical ease of performing field observations in these conditions. Recent evidence in coastal Arctic environments, however, has demonstrated that dissolved methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2) are strongly seasonally variable, and at least one significant gas ventilation event occurs during the spring freshet. Whether the Arctic serves as a source or sink of greenhouse emissions has significant implications on modeling climate change and its feedback mechanisms. To enable higher resolution spatiotemporal measurements of dissolved gases in typically undersampled conditions, remotely operated vehicles (ROVs) can be used to extract near continuous water samples below ice before and during the spring freshet. Here, we present a size, weight, and power-constrained (SWAP) underwater vehicle (UV) and novel geochemical sampling system suitable for taking under-ice geochemical observations and demonstrate the proposed system in a field-analog setting for Arctic estuarine studies.
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