SN 2020jgb:星系中由氦壳层爆轰触发的奇特 Ia 型超新星
SN 2020jgb: A Peculiar Type Ia Supernova Triggered by a Helium-Shell Detonation in a Star-Forming Galaxy
AI总结:
本文报道了在恒星形成星系中发现的奇特 Ia 型超新星 SN 2020jgb,通过辐射转移模型证实其由厚氦壳层爆轰触发,并首次证明此类事件同时发生于恒星形成与被动星系中。
摘要:
在约 $1\,\mathrm{M_\odot}$ 白矮星(WD)顶部爆轰一层薄($\lesssim$$0.03\,\mathrm{M_\odot}$)的氦壳层(He-shell)是解释正常 Ia 型超新星(SNe Ia)的一种有前途的机制,而较厚的氦壳层和较小质量的白矮星可能解释最近观察到的一些奇特 SNe Ia。我们介绍了由 Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF) 发现的奇特 SN Ia——SN 2020jgb 的观测结果。在接近最大亮度时,SN 2020jgb 略微偏暗(ZTF $g$ 波段绝对星等 $M_g$ 介于 $-18.2$ 至 $-18.7$ mag 之间,具体取决于宿主星系消光量),并且由于 $\sim$5000 $Å$ 蓝侧的强线覆盖,呈现出异常偏红的颜色($g_\mathrm{ZTF}-r_\mathrm{ZTF}$ 介于 0.4 至 0.2 mag 之间)。这些特性类似于 SN 2018byg,后者是一种与厚氦壳层双爆轰(DDet)SN 一致的奇特 SN Ia。利用详细的辐射转移模型,我们表明 SN 2020jgb 的光学光谱和光度演化与一个由厚($\sim$$0.13\,\mathrm{M_\odot}$)氦壳层点燃的 $\sim$$0.95\,\mathrm{M_\odot}$(C/O 核+He-shell;视总宿主消光最高可达 $\sim$$1.00\,\mathrm{M_\odot}$)前身星基本一致。我们在 SN 2020jgb 的近红外(NIR)光谱中探测到一个位于 $\sim$1 $μ\mathrm{m}$ 的显著吸收特征,这可能源自最外侧抛射物中未燃烧的氦。尽管样本量有限,但在迄今为止获得 NIR 光谱的所有厚氦壳层 DDet 候选体中都检测到了类似的 1 $μ\mathrm{m}$ 特征。SN 2020jgb 也是在星系中发现的第一个亚光度、厚氦壳层 DDet SN,确凿地表明氦壳层 DDet 天体既出现在星系中,也出现在被动星系中,与正常 SN Ia 群体一致。
英文摘要:
The detonation of a thin ($\lesssim$$0.03\,\mathrm{M_\odot}$) helium shell (He-shell) atop a $\sim$$1\,\mathrm{M_\odot}$ white dwarf (WD) is a promising mechanism to explain normal Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia), while thicker He-shells and less massive WDs may explain some recently observed peculiar SNe Ia. We present observations of SN 2020jgb, a peculiar SN Ia discovered by the Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF). Near maximum light, SN 2020jgb is slightly subluminous (ZTF $g$-band absolute magnitude $M_g$ between $-18.2$ and $-18.7$ mag depending on the amount of host galaxy extinction) and shows an unusually red color ($g_\mathrm{ZTF}-r_\mathrm{ZTF}$ between 0.4 and 0.2 mag) due to strong line-blanketing blueward of $\sim$5000 $Å$. These properties resemble those of SN 2018byg, a peculiar SN Ia consistent with a thick He-shell double detonation (DDet) SN. Using detailed radiative transfer models, we show that the optical spectroscopic and photometric evolution of SN 2020jgb are broadly consistent with a $\sim$$0.95\,\mathrm{M_\odot}$ (C/O core + He-shell; up to $\sim$$1.00\,\mathrm{M_\odot}$ depending on the total host extinction) progenitor ignited by a thick ($\sim$$0.13\,\mathrm{M_\odot}$) He-shell. We detect a prominent absorption feature at $\sim$1 $μ\mathrm{m}$ in the near-infrared (NIR) spectrum of SN 2020jgb, which could originate from unburnt helium in the outermost ejecta. While the sample size is limited, similar 1 $μ\mathrm{m}$ features have been detected in all the thick He-shell DDet candidates with NIR spectra obtained to date. SN 2020jgb is also the first subluminous, thick He-shell DDet SN discovered in a star-forming galaxy, indisputably showing that He-shell DDet objects occur in both star-forming and passive galaxies, consistent with the normal SN Ia population.
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