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arXiv 2209.00744astro-ph.HE
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用Pierre Auger天文台的混合数据探测强子相互作用模型

Probing hadronic interaction models with the hybrid data of the Pierre Auger Observatory

Jakub Vícha

摘要:

目前,在描述超高能强子相互作用中仍然存在较大的系统不确定性,并且尚未达到对空气簇射实验数据的完全一致的描述。皮埃尔俄歇天文台同时使用荧光和表面探测器在能量范围$10^{18.5}-10^{19.0}$ eV收集的数据量提供了机会,进行模型预测的多参数测试。我们应用一个全球性的方法,同时适合宇宙射线的质量组成和调整模拟的簇射最大深度($X_\text{max}$),和强子信号在地面水平($R_\text{Had}$)。混合数据的最佳描述得到了更深的规模的模拟$X_\text{max}$比预测的强子相互作用模型调整到大型强子对撞机的数据。因此,赤字的模拟强子信号在地面水平,占主导地位的μ子,相对于未修改的强子相互作用模型得到缓解。由于调整值$ΔX_\text{max}$和$R_\text{Had}$的大小以及样本中的大量事件,这些假设调整值的统计学显著性很大,大于5 $σ_\text{stat}$,即使对于最有利于模型的1 $σ_\text{sys}$内的系统性实验变化的组合也是如此。

英文摘要:

Presently large systematic uncertainties remain in the description of hadronic interactions at ultra-high energies and a fully consistent description of air-shower experimental data is yet to be reached. The amount of data collected by the Pierre Auger Observatory using simultaneously the fluorescence and surface detectors in the energy range $10^{18.5}-10^{19.0}$ eV has provided opportunity to perform a multi-parameter test of model predictions. We apply a global method to simultaneously fit the mass composition of cosmic rays and adjustments to the simulated depth of shower maximum ($X_\text{max}$), and hadronic signals at ground level ($R_\text{Had}$). The best description of hybrid data is obtained for a deeper scale of simulated $X_\text{max}$ than predicted by hadronic interaction models tuned to the LHC data. Consequently, the deficit of the simulated hadronic signal at ground level, dominated by muons, is alleviated with respect to the unmodified hadronic interaction models. Because of the size of the adjustments $ΔX_\text{max}$ and $R_\text{Had}$ and the large number of events in the sample, the statistical significance of these assumed adjustments is large, greater than 5$σ_\text{stat}$, even for the combination of the systematic experimental shifts within 1$σ_\text{sys}$ that are the most favorable for the models.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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