二氧化硅纳米粒子在真空中的干发射
Dry launching of silica nanoparticles in vacuum
摘要：
在超高真空中操作的悬浮光学机械实验中，需要清洁装载半径小至~50 nm的二氧化硅纳米颗粒。我们提出了一种廉价而简单的实验方法，通过从聚四氟乙烯（PTFE）表面摇动来干发射二氧化硅纳米颗粒。我们报告的成功发射的单二氧化硅纳米粒子的最小半径为43纳米，这是由低静摩擦发射表面。半径为43 nm和71.5 nm的纳米颗粒以高通量和小角展度$\sim \pm 10^\circ$发射，这允许在几分钟内在紧密聚焦的光镊中捕获。测得的速度明显小于1 m/s。所展示的发射方法允许将半径小至43 nm的干燥纳米颗粒受控加载到（超）高真空中的光阱中，尽管我们预计较小尺寸的加载同样可行。
英文摘要：
Clean loading of silica nanoparticles with a radius as small as ~50 nm is required for experiments in levitated optomechanics that operate in ultra-high vacuum. We present a cheap and simple experimental method for dry launching of silica nanoparticles by shaking from a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) surface. We report on the successful launching of single silica nanoparticles with a minimum radius of 43 nm, which is enabled by the low stiction to the launching surface. Nanoparticles with radii of 43 nm and 71.5 nm are launched with a high flux and small angular spread of $\sim \pm 10^\circ$, which allows for trapping in a tightly focused optical tweezer within a couple of minutes. The measured velocities are significantly smaller than 1 m/s. The demonstrated launching method allows for controlled loading of dry nanoparticles with radii as small as 43 nm into optical traps in (ultra-)high vacuum, although we anticipate that loading of smaller sizes is equally feasible.
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