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arXiv 2208.09730cond-mat.softphysics.bio-ph
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细菌生物膜利用手性分支通过跟踪氧梯度逃离拥挤的环境

Bacterial biofilms use chiral branches to escape crowded environments by tracking oxygen gradient

Mustafa Basaran, Tevfik Can Yüce, Yusuf Ilker Yaman, Roman Vetter, Askin Kocabas

摘要:

细菌生物膜共同形成独特和有序的结构,包括纤维,束和分支。通常,尚不清楚这些结构基序如何在具有挑战性的条件下向细菌菌株传达特定的优势。在氧气有限的环境中,密集的细菌聚集体通常耗尽氧气,这导致细菌生长停滞。然而,我们观察到,生物膜形成枯草芽孢杆菌可以使用分支模式,通过跟踪氧气梯度逃离这些拥挤的区域。该过程取决于生物膜的成链能力。作为由弯曲和机械屈曲触发的集体分支的结果,细菌可以从氧耗尽的生物膜核心延伸到氧可用的外围。值得注意的是,这些细菌分支是强手性的,并且沿顺时针方向弯曲。我们的分析表明,扭曲的细胞壁的表面摩擦和轴向旋转打破了固体表面上的左右对称性,并驱动细菌链的手性弯曲。我们进一步观察到,单个分支的手性可以在大规模上传播,并在有限的时空生长曲线下塑造菌落的宏观形态。总之,我们的研究结果为简单的物理相互作用如何导致细菌合作并促进生物膜形成菌株在具有挑战性的环境中的生存提供了新的见解。

英文摘要:

Bacterial biofilms collectively develop distinct and ordered structures, including fibers, bundles, and branches. Often, it is unclear how these structural motifs convey specific advantages to bacterial strains under challenging conditions. In oxygen-limited environments, dense bacterial aggregates generally deplete oxygen, which leads to arrest of bacterial growth. However, we observed that biofilm-forming Bacillus subtilis could use branching patterns to escape from these crowded regions by tracking the oxygen gradient. The process depends on the chain-forming ability of the biofilm. As a result of collective branching triggered by bending and mechanical buckling, bacteria can extend from the oxygen-depleted biofilm core to the oxygen available periphery. Remarkably, these bacterial branches are strongly chiral and curve in a clockwise direction. Our analysis revealed that the surface friction and axial rotation of the twisting cell wall break left-right symmetry on solid surfaces and drive chiral bending of bacterial chains. We further observed that the chirality of individual branches could propagate across a large scale and shape the macroscopic morphology of the colony under a limited spatiotemporal growth profile. Taken together, our results provide new insights into how simple physical interactions lead to bacterial collaboration and promote the survival of biofilm-forming strains in challenging environments.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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