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arXiv 2208.06552stat.ME
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因素结构结局研究中对未观察混杂因素的敏感性

Sensitivity to Unobserved Confounding in Studies with Factor-structured Outcomes

Jiajing Zheng, Jiaxi Wu, Alexander D'Amour, Alexander Franks

摘要:

在这项工作中,我们提出了一种方法来评估敏感性未观察到的混杂在多个结果的研究。我们展示了如何利用多结果环境特有的先验知识来加强因果结论,超越了孤立地分析单个结果所能达到的效果。我们认为,它往往是合理的,使一个共享的混杂假设,在此情况下,结果之间的剩余依赖可以用来简化和锐化敏感性分析。我们专注于一类因素模型,我们可以绑定的因果关系的影响,所有的结果条件上的一个单一的敏感性参数,代表未观察到的混杂因素解释的治疗方差的分数。我们描述了因果无知区域如何在关于零控制结果存在的额外先验假设下收缩,并提供了新的方法来量化因果效应估计的稳健性。最后,我们说明了我们的敏感性分析工作流程在实践中,在分析模拟数据和案例研究的数据从全国健康和营养调查(NHANES)。

英文摘要:

In this work, we propose an approach for assessing sensitivity to unobserved confounding in studies with multiple outcomes. We demonstrate how prior knowledge unique to the multi-outcome setting can be leveraged to strengthen causal conclusions beyond what can be achieved from analyzing individual outcomes in isolation. We argue that it is often reasonable to make a shared confounding assumption, under which residual dependence amongst outcomes can be used to simplify and sharpen sensitivity analyses. We focus on a class of factor models for which we can bound the causal effects for all outcomes conditional on a single sensitivity parameter that represents the fraction of treatment variance explained by unobserved confounders. We characterize how causal ignorance regions shrink under additional prior assumptions about the presence of null control outcomes, and provide new approaches for quantifying the robustness of causal effect estimates. Finally, we illustrate our sensitivity analysis workflow in practice, in an analysis of both simulated data and a case study with data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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