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arXiv 2208.00570astro-ph.GA
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通过深度学习和贝叶斯信息准则在$z\sim5$上实现类星体光度函数

The quasar luminosity function at $z\sim5$ via deep learning and Bayesian information criterion

Suhyun Shin, Myungshin Im, Yongjung Kim

摘要:

理解高红移下类星体光度函数的暗端是重要的,因为暗类星体的数密度是限制早期宇宙中电离星系际介质(IGM)的紫外(UV)光子预算的关键因素。在这里,我们提出的类星体LF达到$M_{1450} \sim -22.0$ AB等在$z\sim5$,约一个幅度深于以前的紫外线LF。我们在$z\sim5$使用深度学习技术从Hyper Suprime-Cam Subaru战略计划(HSC-SSP)获取的深度数据中选择类星体,覆盖15.5度$^2$区域。在传统的颜色选择方法的基础上,通过训练一个人工神经网络来区分$z\sim5$类星体和非类星体源,并采用贝叶斯信息准则进一步从类星体样本中剔除高红移星系,从而改进了类星体的选择方法。当应用到一个小样本的光谱识别类星体和星系,我们的方法是成功的选择类星体在$\sim83 \%$效率($5/6$),同时最大限度地减少污染率的高红移星系($1/8$)的选择相比,使用颜色选择($3/8$)的三倍。我们最终的类星体候选者的数量与$M_{1450} < -22.0$等是35。我们的类星体UV LF下降到$M_{1450} = -22$等甚至更暗($M_{1450} = -21$等),表明暗类星体的数密度相当低,$-1.6^{+0.21}_{-0.19}$的暗端斜率,有利于类星体在高红移电离IGM中发挥次要作用的情况。

英文摘要:

Understanding the faint end of quasar luminosity function at a high redshift is important since the number density of faint quasars is a critical element in constraining ultraviolet (UV) photon budgets for ionizing the intergalactic medium (IGM) in the early universe. Here, we present quasar LF reaching $M_{1450} \sim -22.0$ AB mag at $z\sim5$, about one magnitude deeper than previous UV LFs. We select quasars at $z\sim5$ with a deep learning technique from deep data taken by the Hyper Suprime-Cam Subaru Strategic Program (HSC-SSP), covering a 15.5 deg$^2$ area. Beyond the traditional color selection method, we improved the quasar selection by training an artificial neural network for distinguishing $z\sim5$ quasars from non-quasar sources based on their colors and adopting the Bayesian information criterion that can further remove high-redshift galaxies from the quasar sample. When applied to a small sample of spectroscopically identified quasars and galaxies, our method is successful in selecting quasars at $\sim83 \%$ efficiency ($5/6$) while minimizing the contamination rate of high-redshift galaxies ($1/8$) by up to three times compared to the selection using color selection alone ($3/8$). The number of our final quasar candidates with $M_{1450} < -22.0$ mag is 35. Our quasar UV LF down to $M_{1450} = -22$ mag or even fainter ($M_{1450} = -21$ mag) suggests a rather low number density of faint quasars and the faint-end slope of $-1.6^{+0.21}_{-0.19}$, favoring a scenario where quasars play a minor role in ionizing the IGM at high redshift.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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