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arXiv 2207.14765astro-ph.HEastro-ph.SR
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如何在高质量X射线双星中旋转黑洞而不合并

How To Spin Black Holes Up In High-Mass X-ray Binaries And Not Merge In The Attempt

Enrique Moreno Méndez

摘要:

天体物理学上的黑洞(BH)可以用它们的质量和自旋来描述。然而,产生快速旋转的黑洞是非常困难的,因为产生它们的恒星在黑洞形成之前就失去了大部分的角动量。如果双星的前身星与一颗低质量的恒星在一个紧密的轨道上配对,它们可以产生快速旋转的黑洞(通过潮汐),而那些有大质量伴星的双星则不能(因为它们不适合这样的轨道)。一些快速旋转的黑洞(BH)被观察到与非常大质量的伴星配对,违背了恒星形成的范式。模型,减少恒星的核心-信封相互作用(和风)不匹配的意见,也不好的理论,我表明他们也错过了解释的能量。黑洞自旋不能在恒星坍缩过程中产生;通过爆炸回退物质使用轨道自旋与观测结果不符;通过公认的质量转移通道旋转黑洞需要比它们的寿命更长的时间,它通常被丢弃。我表明,快速的质量转移机制,预计合并BH和恒星,成功地旋转BH,并显示一种机制,以避免合并和主要危险的替代品,同时自然地解释的意见。在高能BH天体物理学背景下,其影响可能是范式转移和深远的。

英文摘要:

Astrophysical black holes (BHs) can be fully described by their mass and spin. However, producing rapidly spinning ones is extremely difficult as the stars that produce them lose most of their angular momentum before the BH is formed. Binaries where the progenitor is paired with a low-mass star in a tight orbit can produce rapidly spinning BHs (through tides), whereas those with massive companions cannot (as they do not fit in such an orbit). A few rapidly-spinning black holes (BHs) have been observed paired with very massive companion stars, defying stellar-formation paradigm. Models which reduce the stellar-core--envelope interaction (and winds) do not match observations nor theory well; I show they also miss explaining the energetics. BH spins cannot be produced during stellar collapse; using orbital spin through explosion-fallback material does not match the observations; spinning BHs up through accepted mass-transfer channels takes longer than their lifetimes, it is usually discarded. I show that fast mass-transfer mechanisms, predicted to merge the BH and star, successfully spin the BHs up and show a mechanism to avoid said mergers and main dangers of the alternatives while naturally explaining the observations. The implications are potentially paradigm-shifting and far-reaching in the high-energy, BH astrophysics context.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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