星系群中逆康普顿X射线辐射的发现及体平均磁场强度的估计
Discovery of inverse-Compton X-ray emission and estimate of the volume-averaged magnetic field in a galaxy group
AI总结：
利用XMM-Newton观测数据，在红移0.131的星系群MRC 0116+111中首次明确探测到扩展逆康普顿X射线辐射，并结合低频射电数据估算出其中心区域的体平均磁场为(1.9 ± 0.3) μG。
摘要：
在相当一部分星系团和星系群中观测到的弥漫射电同步辐射，揭示了贯穿星系大尺度系统的相对论性电子和磁场的存在。尽管预计这些非热电子会将宇宙微波背景光子上散射至硬X射线能量，但迄今为止，在星系团/星系群尺度上尚未明确探测到此类逆康普顿（IC）X射线辐射。利用深度、全新的专有XMM-Newton观测数据（约200 ks的有效曝光时间），我们报告了在MRC 0116+111（一个位于红移z = 0.131的非凡星系群）中探测到4.6σ的扩展IC X射线辐射。假设从低频射电数据得出的谱斜率，该探测结果对系统不确定性具有鲁棒性。结合来自GMRT的低频射电数据，该探测结果为该星系群中心区域的体平均磁场提供了估计值，即(1.9 ± 0.3) μG。该值可作为研究宇宙中最大引力束缚系统磁场的基准。
英文摘要：
Observed in a significant fraction of clusters and groups of galaxies, diffuse radio synchrotron emission reveals the presence of relativistic electrons and magnetic fields permeating large-scale systems of galaxies. Although these non-thermal electrons are expected to upscatter cosmic microwave background photons up to hard X-ray energies, such inverse-Compton (IC) X-ray emission has so far not been unambiguously detected on cluster/group scales. Using deep, new proprietary XMM-Newton observations ($\sim$200 ks of clean exposure), we report a 4.6$σ$ detection of extended IC X-ray emission in MRC 0116+111, an extraordinary group of galaxies at $z = 0.131$. Assuming a spectral slope derived from low-frequency radio data, the detection remains robust to systematic uncertainties. Together with low-frequency radio data from GMRT, this detection provides an estimate for the volume-averaged magnetic field of $(1.9 \pm 0.3)$ $μ$G within the central part of the group. This value can serve as an anchor for studies of magnetic fields in the largest gravitationally bound systems in the Universe.
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