在COVID-19规定下（包括有限行李舱容量）改进的由外而内登机的组合优化-模拟方法
A combined optimization-simulation approach for modified outside-in boarding under COVID-19 regulations including limited baggage compartment capacities
摘要：
及时处理旅客对机场和航空公司的有效运作至关重要。疫情规定要求调整流程设计及处理程序，以维持及改善营运表现。必须评估乘客在密闭机舱内的活动是否存在潜在的病毒传播，登机程序的设计应尽量减少对乘客和运营的负面影响。在我们的方法中，我们生成了一个优化的座位分配，考虑到乘客的身体活动时，他们存储在头顶上的行李箱中的手提行李物品。我们提出了一个混合整数规划公式，包括脱落率的概念，以确定和最大限度地减少病毒传播的风险，通过解决NP-硬座分配问题。考虑到COVID-19法规和头顶行李厢的容量有限，我们正在改进已经高效的由外向内登机，即先让靠窗座位的乘客登机，最后让靠过道座位的乘客登机。为了证明和评估在飞机登机方面所取得的改进，使用了一个基于随机代理的模型，在该模型中实现了座位占用率为50%、66%和80%的三种操作场景。通过我们的优化方法，对于一般情况，平均登机时间和传输风险已经显著降低，即，当没有指定具体的登机顺序时（随机登机）。如果将已经高效的由外而内登机作为参考，则通过应用我们的方法，登机时间可以减少30%以上，同时将传播风险保持在最低水平。
英文摘要：
The timely handling of passengers is critical to efficient airport and airline operations. The pandemic requirements mandate adapted process designs and handling procedures to maintain and improve operational performance. Passenger activities in the confined aircraft cabin must be evaluated to potential virus transmission, and boarding procedures should be designed to minimize the negative impact on passengers and operations. In our approach, we generate an optimized seat allocation that considers passengers' physical activities when they store their hand luggage items in the overhead compartment. We proposed a mixed-integer programming formulation including the concept of shedding rates to determine and minimize the risk of virus transmission by solving the NP-hard seat assignment problem. We are improving the already efficient outside-in boarding, where passengers in the window seat board first and passengers in the aisle seat board last, taking into account COVID-19 regulations and the limited capacity of overhead compartments. To demonstrate and evaluate the improvements achieved in aircraft boarding, a stochastic agent-based model is used in which three operational scenarios with seat occupancy of 50\%, 66\%, and 80\% are implemented. With our optimization approach, the average boarding time and the transmission risk are significantly reduced already for the general case, i.e., when no specific boarding order is specified (random boarding). If the already efficient outside-in boarding is used as a reference, the boarding time can be reduced by more than 30\% by applying our approach, while keeping the transmission risk at the lowest level.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
