高速同步相量通信LTE cat-M的端到端时延实验分析
Experimental End-To-End Delay Analysis of LTE cat-M With High-Rate Synchrophasor Communications
摘要：
微相量测量单元（u-PMU）是允许以高精度监测配电网中的电压和电流的设备，从而实现广泛的智能电网应用，例如状态估计、保护和控制。这些设备需要将电压和电流的同步测量值（也称为同步相量）以高速率传输到电力公司控制中心。使用诸如LTE的无线网络来传输同步相量数据正变得越来越流行。然而，同步相量被包括在小帧中，并且使用低功率蜂窝解决方案（诸如LTE cat-M）将更有效。在这项工作中，我们提出了一个u-PMU的部署实验研究，能够连接到一个商业LTE的猫-M网络。已部署的u-PMU采用Arduino微控制器等现成硬件构建，用于以1帧/秒至80帧/秒的可变速率传输符合IEEE C37.118.2标准的数据。进行了详细的网络性能分析，以显示LTE cat-M支持u-PMU通信的适用性。实验结果的性能指标，如延迟和抖动，报告。分析了LTE cat-M接入机制对帧到达时间分布的影响。
英文摘要：
Micro-Phasor Measurement Units (u-PMUs) are devices that permit monitoring voltage and current in the distribution grid with high accuracy, thus enabling a wide range of smart grid applications, such as state estimation, protection and control. These devices need to transmit the synchronous measurements of voltage and current, also known as synchrophasors, to the power utility control center at high rate. The use of wireless networks, such as LTE, to transmit synchrophasor data is becoming increasingly popular. However, synchrophasors are included in small frames and it would be more efficient to use low power cellular solutions, such as LTE cat-M. In this work, we present experimental research on the deployment of a u-PMU with the ability to connect over a commercial LTE cat-M network. The deployed u-PMU is built with off-the-shelf hardware, such as Arduino microcontrollers, and is used to transmit data-compliant with the IEEE C37.118.2 standard at a variable rate from 1 frame/s to 80 frames/s. A detailed network performance analysis is carried out to show the suitability of LTE cat-M to support u-PMU communications. Experimental results on performance indicators, such as delay and jitter, are reported. The effect of the LTE cat-M access mechanism on the time distribution of frame arrivals is also thoroughly analyzed.
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