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arXiv 2207.04536quant-ph
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玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体中的微正则和正则涨落-- Fock态采样方法

Microcanonical and Canonical Fluctuations in Bose-Einstein Condensates -- Fock state sampling approach

Maciej Bartłomiej Kruk, Dawid Hryniuk, Mick Kristensen, Toke Vibel, Krzysztof Pawłowski, Jan Arlt, Kazimierz Rzążewski

摘要:

玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体与周围热气体之间原子数的涨落一直是理论争论的主题。这个讨论是围绕适当的热力学系综用于理论预测和相互作用对所观察到的波动的影响。在这里,我们介绍了所谓的福克态采样方法来解决这个经典的问题,目前的实验兴趣弱相互作用气体。当使用微正则相对于正则系综时,观察到预测的峰值波动的抑制。此外,相互作用导致谐波捕获气体的峰值波动温度的移动。波动的绝对大小还取决于原子的总数和俘获势的纵横比。由于这些效应的相互作用,不存在对波动的普遍抑制或增强。

英文摘要:

The fluctuations of the atom number between a Bose-Einstein condensate and the surrounding thermal gas have been the subject of a long standing theoretical debate. This discussion is centered around the appropriate thermodynamic ensemble to be used for theoretical predictions and the effect of interactions on the observed fluctuations. Here we introduce the so-called Fock state sampling method to solve this classic problem of current experimental interest for weakly interacting gases. A suppression of the predicted peak fluctuations is observed when using a microcanonical with respect to a canonical ensemble. Moreover, interactions lead to a shift of the temperature of peak fluctuations for harmonically trapped gases. The absolute size of the fluctuations furthermore depends on the total number of atoms and the aspect ratio of the trapping potential. Due to the interplay of these effect, there is no universal suppression or enhancement of fluctuations.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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