海洋中垂直洄游聚集体的磁特征
Magnetic signature of vertically migrating aggregations in the ocean
AI总结：
本研究利用现代磁测量技术探测海水运动产生的流体诱导磁场，提出了一种可远程量化浮游生物垂直洄游引起海洋混合的新框架。
摘要：
浮游生物垂直洄游聚集对热量和溶质的输送，长期以来一直被视为海洋混合的一个潜在重要来源。然而，关于这些洄游导致混合增强的直接证据仍然难以获得且尚无定论。这些缺陷源于当前测量技术的局限性，即测速技术需要预先知道聚集体的精确位置，并且通常由于将仪器引入洄游过程而引发动物的回避行为。在此，我们开发了一种新方法来克服这些长期存在的局限性，利用现代磁测量技术的进步来探测海水在地球地磁场中运动时自然产生的流体诱导磁场。我们推导了定量预测，表明洄游聚集附近的这些流体诱导磁场的强度与洄游引起的积分流体输送成正比。重要的是，利用新兴的量子增强磁测量技术（如金刚石中的氮-空位中心），这些磁特征有望在远离聚集和移动流体区域的显著距离上被远程探测到。这些结果提供了一个新的、可测试的框架，用于量化游泳生物在海洋中引起的流体输送的重要性，这最终可能解决一场科学争论，并对我们理解海洋动力学和气候变化产生潜在的巨大影响。
英文摘要：
The transport of heat and solutes by vertically migrating aggregations of plankton has long been explored as a potentially important source of ocean mixing. However, direct evidence of enhanced mixing due to these migrations remains challenging to obtain and inconclusive. These shortcomings are due to the limitations of current measurement techniques, i.e., velocimetry techniques, which require a priori knowledge of the precise aggregation location and typically trigger animal avoidance behavior from introducing instrumentation into the migration. Here we develop a new approach to overcome these longstanding limitations by leveraging advancements in modern magnetometry to detect the flow-induced magnetic fields that naturally arise from seawater as it moves through the Earth's geomagnetic field. We derive quantitative predictions showing that these flow-induced magnetic fields in the vicinity of migrating aggregations have a strength proportional to the integrated fluid transport due to the migration. Importantly these magnetic signatures are potentially detectable remotely at a significant distance far from the aggregation and region of moving fluid with emerging quantum-enhanced magnetometry techniques such as Nitrogen-Vacancy centers in diamond. These results provide a new, testable framework for quantifying the significance of fluid transport in the ocean due to swimming organisms that may finally resolve a scientific debate with potentially enormous implications for our understanding of ocean dynamics and climate change.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
