通过利用分级结构泡沫中的尺寸效应和多尺度相互作用获得优异的机械性能
Superior mechanical properties by exploiting size-effects and multiscale interactions in hierarchically architected foams
摘要：
极端环境中的保护应用需要具有优异模量、强度和轻质比能量吸收（SEA）的热稳定材料。然而，这些属性通常具有权衡。分层结构的材料--如垂直排列的碳纳米管（VACNT）泡沫--提供了克服这些权衡以实现机械性能协同增强的潜力。在这里，我们采用全因子实验设计（DOE）的方法来优化多层设计参数，以实现协同增强SEA，强度和模量在轻质VACNT泡沫与介观圆柱形架构。我们利用几何限制合成的尺寸效应和高度相互作用的碳纳米管形态，使高阶设计参数的相互作用，有趣地打破了常见的管状结构材料中的直径-厚度（D/t）依赖的比例定律。我们表明，利用互补的层次结构的材料设计机制，可以导致前所未有的协同增强机械性能和性能的极端保护应用。
英文摘要：
Protective applications in extreme environments demand thermally stable materials with superior modulus, strength, and specific energy absorption (SEA) at lightweight. However, these properties typically have a trade-off. Hierarchically architected materials--such as the architected vertically aligned carbon nanotube (VACNT) foams--offer the potential to overcome these trade-offs to achieve synergistic enhancement in mechanical properties. Here, we adopt a full-factorial design of experiments (DOE) approach to optimize multitier design parameters to achieve synergistic enhancement in SEA, strength, and modulus at lightweight in VACNT foams with mesoscale cylindrical architecture. We exploit the size effects from geometrically-confined synthesis and the highly interactive morphology of CNTs to enable higher-order design parameter interactions that intriguingly break the diameter-to-thickness (D/t)-dependent scaling laws found in common tubular architected materials. We show that exploiting complementary hierarchical mechanisms in architected material design can lead to unprecedented synergistic enhancement of mechanical properties and performance desirable for extreme protective applications.
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