比较GRACE-FO KBR和LRI测距数据，重点关注载波频率变化
Comparing GRACE-FO KBR and LRI ranging data with focus on carrier frequency variations
摘要：
GRACE后续卫星飞行任务测量两颗卫星之间的距离变化，以便绘制每月的重力场图，表明由于水文学、地震学、气候学和其他因素造成的几百公里尺度上的地球质量变化。该任务有两个测距仪，一个是基于K（a）波段测距的传统微波系统，另一个是新型激光测距仪，两者都依赖于干涉相位读出。在本文中，我们展示了如何相位测量可以转换成范围数据使用时间依赖性载波频率（或波长），考虑到潜在的日内变化的微波或激光频率。此外，我们分析了KBR-LRI残差，并讨论了哪些误差和噪声贡献者限制了高和低傅立叶频率的残差。结果表明，在处理过程中考虑日内载波频率的变化，KBR和LRI有偏距离观测值之间的一致性可以略有改善。虽然这种影响可能很小，在目前的精度水平上与重力场确定几乎没有关系，但分析对详细的仪器表征和未来更精确的飞行任务可能具有相关性。
英文摘要：
The GRACE Follow-On satellite mission measures distance variations between the two satellites in order to derive monthly gravity field maps, indicating mass variability on Earth on a few 100 km scale due to hydrology, seismology, climatology and others. This mission hosts two ranging instruments, a conventional microwave system based on K(a)-band ranging (KBR) and a novel laser ranging instrument (LRI), both relying on interferometric phase readout. In this paper we show how the phase measurements can be converted into range data using a time-dependent carrier frequency (or wavelength) that takes potential intraday variability in the microwave or laser frequency into account. Moreover, we analyze the KBR-LRI residuals and discuss which error and noise contributors limit the residuals at high and low Fourier frequencies. It turns out that the agreement between KBR and LRI biased range observations can be slightly improved by considering intraday carrier frequency variations in the processing. Although the effect is probably small enough to have little relevance for gravity field determination at the current precision level, the analysis is of relevance for detailed instrument characterization and potentially for future more precise missions.
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