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arXiv 2205.07576stat.APnlin.AO
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概率多元预警信号

Probabilistic multivariate early warning signals

Ville Laitinen, Leo Lahti

摘要:

从人类微生物组到金融市场的各种自然和社会系统都可能经历关键的转变,系统突然崩溃到另一种稳定的配置。关键的转变可能是意外的,可能会带来灾难性的后果。早期准确地预测它们可以促进受控的系统操作和减轻不期望的结果。然而,很难获得可靠的预测,因为通常只能监测一小部分相关变量,即使是微小的扰动也会导致复杂系统脆弱状态的急剧变化。数据驱动的指标已被提议作为预测的替代办法,并表明即将到来的过渡的风险越来越大。自相关和方差是一般指标的例子,在一系列系统中,这些指标往往在接近临界点时增加。这些指标和其他广泛研究的指标的一个重要缺点是,它们处理的是复杂系统的简化一维表示。在这里,我们证明了概率数据聚合策略可以提供新的方法来提高预警检测更有效地利用多变量时间序列的可用信息。特别是,我们认为一个向量自回归模型的概率变量作为一种新的预警指标,并认为它具有理论上的优势,模型正则化,治疗的不确定性,和参数解释。我们评估的性能对替代品的模拟基准,并显示在一个共同的生态模型,包括多个相互作用的物种在EWS检测的灵敏度提高。

英文摘要:

A broad range of natural and social systems from human microbiome to financial markets can go through critical transitions, where the system suddenly collapses to another stable configuration. Critical transitions can be unexpected, with potentially catastrophic consequences. Anticipating them early and accurately can facilitate controlled system manipulation and mitigation of undesired outcomes. Obtaining reliable predictions have been difficult, however, as often only a small fraction of the relevant variables can be monitored, and even minor perturbations can induce drastic changes in fragile states of a complex system. Data-driven indicators have been proposed as an alternative to prediction and signal an increasing risk of forthcoming transitions. Autocorrelation and variance are examples of generic indicators that tend to increase at the vicinity of an approaching tipping point across a range of systems. An important shortcoming in these and other widely studied indicators is that they deal with simplified one-dimensional representations of complex systems. Here, we demonstrate that a probabilistic data aggregation strategy can provide new ways to improve early warning detection by more efficiently utilizing the available information from multivariate time series. In particular, we consider a probabilistic variant of a vector autoregression model as a novel early warning indicator and argue that it has theoretical advantages related to model regularization, treatment of uncertainties, and parameter interpretation. We evaluate the performance against alternatives in a simulation benchmark and show improved sensitivity in EWS detection in a common ecological model encompassing multiple interacting species.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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