近距离AGN参考巡天（CARS）：追踪超爱丁顿NLS1 Mrk 1044的环核恒星形成
The Close AGN Reference Survey (CARS): Tracing the circumnuclear star formation in the super-Eddington NLS1 Mrk 1044
摘要：
对于超大质量黑洞快速生长的宿主星系条件知之甚少。窄线塞弗特1（NLS 1）星系通常表现出高吸积率，并被假设为活动星系核（AGN）的原型。我们目前VLT MUSE NFM-AO观测Mrk 1044，最近的超爱丁顿吸积NLS 1。结合MUSE WFM档案数据，我们的目标是了解驱动Mrk 1044黑洞吸积的宿主星系过程。我们提取微弱的恒星连续辐射从活动星系核的退混主机和空间分辨的发射线诊断与前所未有的分辨率。结合MUSE WFM和NFM-AO观测，我们使用一个薄旋转盘的运动学模型来追踪恒星和电离气体的运动，从10 $\,$ kpc到30 $\,$ pc的核心周围。Mrk 1044的恒星运动学遵循圆周旋转，而电离气体在中心显示出纤细的螺旋特征。我们解决了一个紧凑的恒星形成环核椭圆（CNE），有一个半短轴为306 $\,$ pc。在这个CNE中，气体富含金属，其线比与恒星形成的激发完全一致。CNE的综合SFR为$0.19 \pm 0.05 \,{\rm M}_\odot\,{\rm yr}^{-1}$，贡献了整个星系27%的恒星形成。我们的结论是，Mrk 1044的核活动尚未影响到环核恒星的形成。因此，Mrk 1044与NLS 1是年轻活动星系核的观点一致。一个简单的质量预算的考虑表明，环核恒星的形成和活动星系核相连接和电离气体速度场的模式是一个正在进行的活动星系核喂养的签名。
英文摘要：
The host galaxy conditions for rapid supermassive black hole growth are poorly understood. Narrow-line Seyfert 1 (NLS1) galaxies often exhibit high accretion rates and are hypothesized to be prototypes of active galactic nuclei (AGN) at an early stage of their evolution. We present VLT MUSE NFM-AO observations of Mrk 1044, the nearest super-Eddington accreting NLS1. Together with archival MUSE WFM data we aim to understand the host galaxy processes that drive Mrk 1044's black hole accretion. We extract the faint stellar continuum emission from the AGN-deblended host and perform spatially resolved emission line diagnostics with an unprecedented resolution. Combining both MUSE WFM and NFM-AO observations, we use a kinematic model of a thin rotating disk to trace the stellar and ionized gas motion from 10$\,$kpc down to 30$\,$pc around the nucleus. Mrk 1044's stellar kinematics follow circular rotation, whereas the ionized gas shows tenuous spiral features in the center. We resolve a compact star forming circumnuclear ellipse (CNE) that has a semi-minor axis of 306$\,$pc. Within this CNE, the gas is metal rich and its line ratios are entirely consistent with excitation by star formation. With an integrated SFR of $0.19 \pm 0.05 \,{\rm M}_\odot\,{\rm yr}^{-1}$ the CNE contributes 27% of the galaxy-wide star formation. We conclude that Mrk 1044's nuclear activity has not yet affected the circumnuclear star formation. Thus, Mrk 1044 is consistent with the idea that NLS1s are young AGN. A simple mass budget consideration suggests that the circumnuclear star formation and AGN phase are connected and the patterns in the ionized gas velocity field are a signature of the ongoing AGN feeding.
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