科学革命：基于参考文献出版年光谱（RPYS）的重要研究者、机构与国家识别方法提案
Revolutions in science: The proposal of an approach for the identification of most important researchers, institutions, and countries based on Reference Publication Year Spectroscopy (RPYS)
AI总结：
本文提出利用RPYS方法识别突破性研究中的重要研究者、机构和国家，并以地球气候物理建模与全球变暖预测研究为例验证其有效性，成功识别出美国NASA、NOAA研究中心及多所大学等关键贡献者。
摘要：
RPYS是一种文献计量方法，最初引入的目的是揭示研究主题或领域的历史根源。RPYS并不识别所研究文献集中被引次数最高的论文（这通常是研究评价中文献计量分析的做法），而是指出最常被引用的参考文献——每篇都对应一个特定的参考文献出版年。在本研究中，我们提议将该方法用于在突破性研究背景下识别重要的研究者、机构和国家。为演示我们的方法，我们以地球气候物理建模和全球变暖预测研究为例。Klaus Hasselmann和Syukuro Manabe因其对该研究的根本性贡献而共同获得2021年诺贝尔奖。我们的结果表明，RPYS能够识别最重要的研究者、机构和国家。例如，所有相关作者所在机构均位于美国。这些机构要么是美国两个国家研究管理机构（NASA和NOAA）的研究中心，要么是大学：亚利桑那大学、普林斯顿大学、麻省理工学院（MIT）和石溪大学。
英文摘要：
RPYS is a bibliometric method originally introduced in order to reveal the historical roots of research topics or fields. RPYS does not identify the most highly cited papers of the publication set being studied (as is usually done by bibliometric analyses in research evaluation), but instead it indicates most frequently referenced publications - each within a specific reference publication year. In this study, we propose to use the method to identify important researchers, institutions and countries in the context of breakthrough research. To demonstrate our approach, we focus on research on physical modeling of Earth's climate and the prediction of global warming as an example. Klaus Hasselmann and Syukuro Manabe were both honored with the Nobel Prize in 2021 for their fundamental contributions to this research. Our results reveal that RPYS is able to identify most important researchers, institutions, and countries. For example, all the relevant authors' institutions are located in the USA. These institutions are either research centers of two US National Research Administrations (NASA and NOAA) or universities: the University of Arizona, Princeton University, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), and the University of Stony Brook.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
