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arXiv 2205.02451astro-ph.HE
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不同形变结构新生磁星的引力波演化

Gravitational-wave evolution of newborn magnetars with different deformed structure

Jun-Xiang Huang, Hou-Jun Lü, Jared Rice, En-Wei Liang

摘要:

具有变形结构的新生磁星可以产生微弱而连续的引力波辐射,预计在不久的将来将被爱因斯坦望远镜探测到。在这项工作中,我们假设一个新生的磁星的变形结构是不是由一个单一的机制,而是由多个随时间变化的四极矩,如那些存在于磁致变形,星震引起的椭圆,吸积柱引起的变形。磁星通过吸积、磁偶极辐射和GW辐射失去角动量。在这种情况下,我们计算的GWs从一个新生的磁星的演变,考虑上述三个变形。我们发现GW的演化取决于磁星的物理参数(例如,周期和表面磁场)、绝热指数以及极向磁能占总磁能的分数。一般来说,如果磁星的表面磁场较大,则来自磁致变形的GW辐射占主导地位,但是如果所有其他磁星参数保持不变,则当绝热指数较大时,来自磁星星震的GW辐射更有效。我们还发现GW辐射对不同的磁星状态方程并不十分敏感。

英文摘要:

Weak and continuous gravitational-wave (GW) radiation can be produced by newborn magnetars with deformed structure and is expected to be detected by the Einstein telescope in the near future. In this work we assume that the deformed structure of a nascent magnetar is not caused by a single mechanism but by multiple time-varying quadrupole moments such as those present in magnetically induced deformation, starquake-induced ellipticity, and accretion column-induced deformation. The magnetar loses its angular momentum through accretion, magnetic dipole radiation, and GW radiation. Within this scenario, we calculate the evolution of GWs from a newborn magnetar by considering the above three deformations. We find that the GW evolution depends on the physical parameters of the magnetar (e.g., period and surface magnetic field), the adiabatic index, and the fraction of poloidal magnetic energy to the total magnetic energy. In general the GW radiation from a magnetically induced deformation is dominant if the surface magnetic field of the magnetar is large, but the GW radiation from magnetar starquakes is more efficient when there is a larger adiabatic index if all other magnetar parameters remain the same. We also find that the GW radiation is not very sensitive to different magnetar equations of state.

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