车辆噪声：现场和实验室响度等级的比较
Vehicle Noise: Comparison of Loudness Ratings in the Field and the Laboratory
摘要：
目的：响度感知失真是助听器使用者的主要主诉之一。能够在临床上正确测量响度感知对于验配助听器至关重要。为此，临床实验应该能够反映和捕捉响度感知，就像在日常生活中一样。很少有研究已经做了比较响度知觉在现场和实验室。设计：参与者在现场和实验室中对四种不同车辆的36个驾驶动作的响度进行评级。现场测量是在一个受限制的街道上进行的，并用360度摄像机和四面体麦克风进行记录。记录的刺激，这是公开访问，在实验室中的三个不同的条件：360度视频记录与头戴式显示器，视频记录与桌面显示器，和音频。样本：13名听力正常的参与者和18名听力受损的参与者参加了这项研究。结果：驾驶行为被评为显着响亮的实验室比在现场的音频条件。在两种实验室条件下，这些响度等级差异对于更大的声音更大，即，驾驶动作的声级越高，在实验室中被评定为更响的可能性越大。在三种实验室条件下和组间，响度等级无显著差异。结论：本实验的结果进一步说明了在临床上测量响度时增加真实感和沉浸感的重要性。
英文摘要：
Objective: Distorted loudness perception is one of the main complaints of hearing aid users. Being able to measure loudness perception correctly in the clinic is essential for fitting hearing aids. For this, experiments in the clinic should be able to reflect and capture loudness perception as in everyday-life situations. Little research has been done comparing loudness perception in the field and in the laboratory. Design: Participants rated the loudness in the field and in the laboratory of 36 driving actions done by four different vehicles. The field measurements were done in a restricted street and recorded with a 360deg camera and a tetrahedral microphone. The recorded stimuli, which are openly accessible, were presented in three different conditions in the laboratory: 360deg video recordings with a head-mounted display, video recordings with a desktop monitor, and audio-only. Sample: Thirteen normal-hearing participants and 18 hearing-impaired participants participated in the study. Results: The driving actions were rated significantly louder in the laboratory than in the field for the audio-only condition. These loudness rating differences were bigger for louder sounds in two laboratory conditions, i.e., the higher the sound level of a driving action was the more likely it was to be rated louder in the laboratory. There were no significant differences in the loudness ratings between the three laboratory conditions and between groups. Conclusions: The results of this experiment further remark the importance of increasing the realism and immersion when measuring loudness in the clinic.
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