天空是蓝色的，其他原因量子力学不是证据不足
The sky is blue, and other reasons quantum mechanics is not underdetermined by evidence
摘要：
我批评了一种被广泛捍卫的观点，即量子测量问题是理论被证据欠确定的一个例子：更具体地说，这种观点认为，未经修改的幺正量子形式主义（按照埃弗雷特的解释）在经验上与玻姆力学和动态坍缩理论（如GRW或CSL理论）没有区别。我认为，至今还没有经验上成功地将这两种理论推广到相互作用的量子场论，因此这种明显的不确定性被一类非常大的量子实验所打破，这些实验在它们的描述中需要场论。这两种方法所能重复的量子实验数量都比公认的要少得多，而且也排除了量子力学许多最具代表性的成功，包括解释天空颜色的瑞利散射的定量计算。我回应了最近文献中与此相反的各种论点。
英文摘要：
I criticize the widely-defended view that the quantum measurement problem is an example of underdetermination of theory by evidence: more specifically, the view that the unmodified, unitary quantum formalism (interpreted following Everett) is empirically indistinguishable from Bohmian Mechanics and from dynamical-collapse theories like the GRW or CSL theories. I argue that there as yet no empirically successful generalization of either theory to interacting quantum field theory and so the apparent underdetermination is broken by a very large class of quantum experiments that require field theory somewhere in their description. The class of quantum experiments reproducible by either is much smaller than is commonly recognized and excludes many of the most iconic successes of quantum mechanics, including the quantitative account of Rayleigh scattering that explains the color of the sky. I respond to various arguments to the contrary in the recent literature.
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