黏着斑块附近的基底水力裂隙
Basal hydrofractures near sticky patches
AI总结：
本研究基于线弹性断裂力学建立模型，分析基底水压力与剪应力空间变化如何使黏着斑块促进底部裂隙萌生、向冰内延伸并形成向上游倾斜的弯曲路径。
摘要：
底部裂隙是冰盖和冰川底部的宏观结构不连续面。受观测结果和弹性断裂力学的启发，我们假设在存在基底水压力的情况下，基底应力的空间变化会促进并局部化底部裂隙的形成。我们在线弹性断裂力学的理论背景下对这一过程进行了量化。我们开发了一个模型，用于评估剪应力变化对底部裂隙扩展的影响。我们的结果表明，黏着斑块会促进底部裂隙的萌生，增加其向冰内扩展的长度，并且在某些条件下使其形成向上游倾斜的弯曲轨迹。我们对参数空间进行了详细探索，以更好地理解在冰盖和冰川下方可能发生由黏着斑块诱发的底部裂隙的条件。
英文摘要：
Basal crevasses are macroscopic structural discontinuities at the base of ice sheets and glaciers. Motivated by observations and the mechanics of elastic fracture, we hypothesise that in the presence of basal water pressure, spatial variations in basal stress can promote and localise basal crevassing. We quantify this process in the theoretical context of linear elastic fracture mechanics. We develop a model evaluating the effect of shear stress variation on the growth of basal crevasses. Our results indicate that sticky patches promote the initiation of basal crevasses, increase their length of propagation into the ice and, under some conditions, give them curved trajectories that incline upstream. A detailed exploration of the parameter space is conducted to gain a better understanding of the conditions under which sticky-patch-induced basal crevassing likely occurs beneath ice sheets and glaciers.
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