通道中粒子动态相变的力学分析
Mechanical analysis of a dynamical phase transition for particles in a channel
摘要：
我们分析有偏见的合奏轨迹的二维粒子质点系，在通道几何形状的朗之万动力学演变。这种偏差控制着粒子聚集的程度。偏置到大集群，我们观察到一个动态的相变的粒子打破对称性和积累在一个墙壁。我们使用Irving-Kirkwood应力张量分析了这种非线性断裂状态的力学性质。有偏见的合奏的特点是体力起源于随机热噪声，但有有限的平均值的存在下的偏见。我们讨论了这些力量的Doob的变换和最优控制理论的连接。
英文摘要：
We analyse biased ensembles of trajectories for a two-dimensional system of particles, evolving by Langevin dynamics in a channel geometry. This bias controls the degree of particle clustering. On biasing to large clustering, we observe a dynamical phase transition where the particles break symmetry and accumulate at one of the walls. We analyse the mechanical properties of this symmetry-broken state using the Irving-Kirkwood stress tensor. The biased ensemble is characterised by body forces which originate in random thermal noises, but have finite averages in the presence of the bias. We discuss the connection of these forces to Doob's transform and optimal control theory.
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