氧化铝纳米粒子诱导的模型肺表面活性物质溶胶-凝胶转变
Sol-gel transition induced by alumina nanoparticles in a model pulmonary surfactant
摘要：
已显示进入气道的小于100 nm的吸入空气传播颗粒在肺的肺泡区域中沉积大量。肺泡内部覆盖着约1微米厚的衬里液体，称为肺表面活性剂。吸入的纳米颗粒易于与肺液相互作用并改变肺功能。在这里，我们评估肺表面活性物质替代品固尔苏的结构和流变特性，这是管理早产儿呼吸窘迫综合征的治疗。固尔苏在组成、结构和功能方面被认为是内源性肺表面活性物质的可靠模型。使用基于磁致动丝的主动微流变学，我们发现固尔苏分散体在脂质浓度从0到80 g L-1时表现出牛顿行为，并且粘度遵循观察到的各种胶体的克里格-道格拉斯定律。加入40 nm氧化铝纳米片后，注意到固尔苏流变学的显著变化。然后分散体进入以无限粘度和非零平衡弹性模量为特征的软固相。纳米粒子诱导的溶胶-凝胶转变被解释为氧化铝/囊泡相互作用的结果，这是由透射电子显微镜所示。这也表明了与肺液结构和动力学性质改变相关的潜在毒性。
英文摘要：
Inhaled airborne particles smaller than 100 nm entering the airways have been shown to deposit in significant amount in the alveolar region of the lungs. The interior of the alveoli is covered with a ~ 1 micron thick lining fluid, called pulmonary surfactant. Inhaled nanoparticles are susceptible to interact with the lung fluid and modify pulmonary functions. Here we evaluate the structural and rheological properties of the pulmonary surfactant substitute Curosurf which is administered to premature babies for the treatment of respiratory distress syndrome. Curosurf is considered a reliable model of endogenous pulmonary surfactant in terms of composition, structure and function. Using active microrheology based on magnetically actuated wires, we find that Curosurf dispersions exhibit a Newtonian behavior at lipid concentration from 0 to 80 g L-1, and that the viscosity follows the Krieger-Dougherty law observed for a wide variety of colloids. Upon addition of 40 nm alumina nanoplatelets, a significant change of the Curosurf rheology is noticed. The dispersions then enter a soft solid phase characterized by an infinite viscosity and a non-zero equilibrium elastic modulus. The sol-gel transition induced by the nanoparticles is interpreted as the result of the alumina/vesicle interaction, which are illustrated by transmission electron microscopy. It also suggests a potential toxicity associated with the modification of the lung fluid structural and dynamical properties.
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