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arXiv 2204.04785quant-phcond-mat.mes-hallcs.LGphysics.chem-ph
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使用强化学习实现量子热机功率/效率权衡的无模型优化

Model-free optimization of power/efficiency tradeoffs in quantum thermal machines using reinforcement learning

Freie Universität Berlin(柏林自由大学);Microsoft Research AI4Science(微软研究院AI4Science);Rice University(莱斯大学)

Paolo Andrea Erdman, Frank Noé

AI总结:

本研究提出基于强化学习的无模型框架,仅通过观测热通量即可识别量子热机与制冷机的功率-效率帕累托最优循环,在超导量子比特制冷机和谐振子热机模型上效果优于传统优化奥托循环,可减少量子摩擦。

摘要:

量子热机是一种开放量子系统,可在微米或纳米尺度上实现热量与功的相互转换。对这类非平衡系统实现最优控制是量子技术与器件应用领域的关键且具有挑战性的任务。我们提出了一种基于强化学习的通用无模型框架,用于识别量子热机和制冷机中实现功率与效率帕累托最优权衡的非平衡热力学循环。该方法无需掌握量子热机、系统模型或量子态的任何先验知识,仅需观测热通量即可运行,因此既适用于模拟研究,也可应用于实验器件。我们在基于超导量子比特的实验可行制冷机模型,以及基于量子谐振子的热机模型上测试了该方法。在两种场景中,我们都识别出了代表最优功率-效率权衡的帕累托前沿,以及对应的循环方案。这类解决方案的性能优于文献中已有的方案(例如优化后的奥托循环),能够减少量子摩擦。

英文摘要:

A quantum thermal machine is an open quantum system that enables the conversion between heat and work at the micro or nano-scale. Optimally controlling such out-of-equilibrium systems is a crucial yet challenging task with applications to quantum technologies and devices. We introduce a general model-free framework based on Reinforcement Learning to identify out-of-equilibrium thermodynamic cycles that are Pareto optimal trade-offs between power and efficiency for quantum heat engines and refrigerators. The method does not require any knowledge of the quantum thermal machine, nor of the system model, nor of the quantum state. Instead, it only observes the heat fluxes, so it is both applicable to simulations and experimental devices. We test our method on a model of an experimentally realistic refrigerator based on a superconducting qubit, and on a heat engine based on a quantum harmonic oscillator. In both cases, we identify the Pareto-front representing optimal power-efficiency tradeoffs, and the corresponding cycles. Such solutions outperform previous proposals made in the literature, such as optimized Otto cycles, reducing quantum friction.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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