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arXiv 2204.04518cs.LG
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注意力U-网作为地下水预测的代理模型

Attention U-Net as a surrogate model for groundwater prediction

University of Leeds(利兹大学);Deltares(三角洲研究院)

Maria Luisa Taccari, Jonathan Nuttall, Xiaohui Chen, He Wang, Bennie Minnema, Peter K. Jimack

摘要:

地下水流的数值模拟是通过对地下水基本物理方程的近似解来分析和预测含水层系统对其状态变化的响应。最常用的和经典的方法,如有限差分(FD)和有限元(FE)方法,使用迭代求解器,这与高计算成本。本研究提出一个基于物理的卷积编码解码器神经网络作为代理模型来快速计算地下水系统的响应。编码器-解码器网络在跨域映射方面具有很强的潜力,适用于学习物理系统的复杂输入-输出映射。本文提出了一种Attention U-Net模型,该模型试图捕捉地下水系统的基本输入-输出关系,并在给定一组物理参数和边界条件的情况下,在整个域中生成水头的解。该模型准确地预测了一个高度非均质地下水系统的稳态响应的位置和测压头最多3口井作为输入。网络学习只关注域的相关部分,生成的水头场与目标样本非常详细地对应。即使相对于粗有限差分近似所提出的模型被证明是显着快于比较国家的最先进的数值求解器,从而提供了一个基础,为地下水预测的代理模型所提出的网络的进一步发展。

英文摘要:

Numerical simulations of groundwater flow are used to analyze and predict the response of an aquifer system to its change in state by approximating the solution of the fundamental groundwater physical equations. The most used and classical methodologies, such as Finite Difference (FD) and Finite Element (FE) Methods, use iterative solvers which are associated with high computational cost. This study proposes a physics-based convolutional encoder-decoder neural network as a surrogate model to quickly calculate the response of the groundwater system. Holding strong promise in cross-domain mappings, encoder-decoder networks are applicable for learning complex input-output mappings of physical systems. This manuscript presents an Attention U-Net model that attempts to capture the fundamental input-output relations of the groundwater system and generates solutions of hydraulic head in the whole domain given a set of physical parameters and boundary conditions. The model accurately predicts the steady state response of a highly heterogeneous groundwater system given the locations and piezometric head of up to 3 wells as input. The network learns to pay attention only in the relevant parts of the domain and the generated hydraulic head field corresponds to the target samples in great detail. Even relative to coarse finite difference approximations the proposed model is shown to be significantly faster than a comparative state-of-the-art numerical solver, thus providing a base for further development of the presented networks as surrogate models for groundwater prediction.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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