利用叠加电场控制静电法拉第不稳定性
Controlling the electrostatic Faraday instability using superposed electric fields
摘要：
当电介质和导电液体之间的界面被振荡电场激发时，可以感生静电法拉第波。在这里，我们研究的接口的响应的AC电场，这是由不同频率的第二个AC场，或由DC场叠加。基于流体界面处的光折射的算法被用来获得法拉第波的时空响应，并且确定对应于不稳定性开始的临界电压、界面振荡频率和主波长。混合比的影响，这表示的驱动信号的不同分量的相对幅度，进行了分析，并与理论预测的实验结果进行了比较。对于AC/AC驱动，混合比的逐渐变化可以引起图案波长的跳跃，这是从谐波振荡到次谐波振荡的过渡的结果。对于AC/DC驱动，界面谐振或亚谐波振荡，并且响应波长可以通过调节DC分量的混合来连续调谐。对于这两种驱动模式，实验表明与理论吻合良好。
英文摘要：
When the interface between a dielectric and a conducting liquid is excited by an oscillatory electric field, electrostatic Faraday waves can be induced. Here, we study the response of the interface to an AC electric field, which is superposed by either a second AC field of different frequency, or by a DC field. An algorithm based on light refraction at the fluidic interface is used to obtain the spatio-temporal response of the Faraday waves, and the critical voltage corresponding to onset of instability, the interfacial oscillation frequency and the dominant wavelengths are determined. The influence of the mixing ratio, which denotes the relative amplitudes of the different components of the driving signal, is analyzed, and the experimental results are compared with theoretical predictions. For AC/AC driving, gradual variations of the mixing ratio can induce a jump of the pattern wavelength, which is a result of the transition from harmonic to a subharmonic oscillation. For AC/DC driving, the interface oscillates either harmonically or subharmonically, and the response wavelength can be tuned continuously by adjusting the admixture of the DC component. For both driving modes, the experiments show good agreement with theory.
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