色散波水动力-泥沙-地貌动力模型在Ria Formosa潟湖的应用
Application of a dispersive wave hydro-sediment-morphodynamic model in the Ria Formosa lagoon
AI总结：
本研究将色散波水动力-泥沙-地貌动力模型应用于几何复杂、潮差大的Ria Formosa潟湖西部，验证了模型在复杂海岸区域的适用性，发现色散项可捕捉额外流动特征并影响泥沙与地貌模拟。
摘要：
本文展示了色散波水动力-泥沙-地貌动力模型在葡萄牙南部阿尔加维地区Ria Formosa潟湖西部环流单元的应用结果。该研究区域存在两个给色散波模型应用带来难度的特征：（1）区域几何形态复杂不规则，有多座将潟湖与大西洋分隔开的障壁岛、人工及天然潮汐入口，潟湖内部还有多条蜿蜒水道，这些水道连通各个潮汐入口，同时是潟湖沿岸定居点之间的航道；（2）该区域潮差可达3.5米，因此潟湖内部地形以广阔的盐沼和潮滩为特征，干湿交替过程是该区域所有水动力模拟的关键组成部分。研究通过生成该环流单元的非结构化有限元网格，收集区域潮汐波特征参数、模拟所用的底摩擦及泥沙输运模型相关数据，构建了该区域的模型表达。模拟结果表明，色散波模型可应用于物理过程复杂、几何形态不规则的海岸区域。此外，模型的色散项能够捕捉到包含非线性浅水方程的水动力模拟中无法呈现的额外流动特征，而这些额外的流动特征反过来会影响最终的泥沙输运和床面地貌动力过程模拟结果。
英文摘要：
Results of an application of a dispersive wave hydro-sediment-morphodynamic model in the western circulation cell of the Ria Formosa lagoon located in the Algarve region of the southern Portugal are presented. This area of interest has a couple of features that complicate the application of the dispersive wave model: (1) the area has a complex irregular geometry with a number of barrier islands that separate the lagoon from the Atlantic Ocean, artificial and naturally occurring tidal inlets, and a number of curling channels inside the lagoon that interconnect the inlets and serve as waterways between the lagoon settlements; (2) the tidal range in the area can reach up to 3.5 m; therefore, the terrain inside the lagoon is characterized by vast salt marshes and tidal flats, and the wetting-drying process is a key component of any hydrodynamic simulation in this area. A model representation of the area has been developed by generating an unstructured finite element mesh of the circulation cell, and collecting data on parameters that characterize the tidal waves in the area, and bottom friction and sediment transport models used in the simulations. The results of the simulations indicate that the dispersive wave model can be applied in coastal areas with nontrivial underlying physical processes, and complex irregular geometries. Moreover, the dispersive term of the model is capable of capturing additional flow characteristics that are otherwise not present in hydrodynamic simulations that involve the nonlinear shallow water equations; and these additional flow features can, in their turn, affect the resulting sediment transport and bed morphodynamic process simulations.
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