强过冷相变过程中的液滴坍缩
Droplet collapse during strongly supercooled transitions
摘要：
我们模拟了宇宙学相变中孤立的球对称液滴的衰变。长期以来，人们一直认为这种亚稳态的加热液滴可以形成，并且最近在3D多气泡模拟中观察到了它们。在这些模拟中，液滴与壁面速度的降低和流体动能的降低相关联，从而抑制了引力波功率谱。在目前的工作中，我们跟踪的壁面速度和动能生产在孤立的液滴和比较，发现在多气泡碰撞。我们观察到的晚期壁面速度与3D模拟结果相匹配，但我们发现球形模拟结果对动能产生的预测效果不佳。这意味着球对称模拟可以用于改进由于液滴形成而导致的重子生成预测，但不能估计任何伴随的引力波信号抑制。
英文摘要：
We simulate the decay of isolated, spherically symmetric droplets in a cosmological phase transition. It has long been posited that such heated droplets of the metastable state could form, and they have recently been observed in 3D multi-bubble simulations. In those simulations, the droplets were associated with a reduction in the wall velocity and a decrease in the kinetic energy of the fluid, with a consequent suppression in the gravitational wave power spectrum. In the present work, we track the wall speed and kinetic energy production in isolated droplets and compare them to those found in multi-bubble collisions. The late-time wall velocities that we observe match those of the 3D simulations, though we find that the spherical simulations are a poor predictor of the kinetic energy production. This implies that spherically symmetric simulations could be used to refine baryogenesis predictions due to the formation of droplets, but not to estimate any accompanying suppression of the gravitational wave signal.
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