通过将水通道蛋白定向插入固态纳米孔形成生物杂化膜
Biohybrid membrane formation by directed insertion of Aquaporin into a solid-state nanopore
摘要：
分子传感和化学检测方面的技术挑战使得对具有高灵敏度和特异性的转化材料的需求日益增加。生物杂化纳米孔由于能够理想地将固态纳米孔的耐久性与生物纳米孔的精确结构相结合而吸引了越来越多的兴趣。必须特别注意控制一旦与固态纳米孔接触，生物纳米孔如何适应其周围环境。两个主要挑战是在动态条件下精确控制这种适应性，并提供可用于工程应用的预设计功能。在这里，我们报告了一类独特的生物混合活性膜层的计算设计，该生物混合活性膜层是由水通道蛋白结合的脂质壳直接插入二氧化硅纳米孔中而构建的。首先，我们详细描述了将生物膜插入固态纳米孔中的机制。然后，我们分析了系统的结构稳定性，并证明其水渗透性是在生物环境中测量的。最后，我们讨论了如何实现的技术可以适用于环境和生物医学应用，如水脱盐和药物发现，其中必须有效地解决小分子的靶向和受控渗透。
英文摘要：
Technical challenges in molecule sensing and chemical detection have created an increasing demand for transformative materials with high sensitivity and specificity. Biohybrid nanopores have attracted growing interest as they can ideally combine the durability of solid-state nanopores with the precise structure of biological nanopores. Particular care must be taken to control how biological nanopores adapt to their surroundings once in contact with the solid-state nanopore. Two major challenges are to precisely control this adaptability under dynamic conditions and provide predesigned functionalities that can be manipulated for engineering applications. Here, we report on the computational design of a distinctive class of biohybrid active membrane layer, built from the directed insertion of an aquaporin-incorporated lipid shell into a silica nanopore. First, we describe in detail the mechanisms at play in the insertion of the biological membrane into the solid-state nanopore. Then we analyze the structural stability of the system and demonstrate that its water permeability is comparable to the one measured in the biological environment. Finally, we discuss how the technology implemented could be applicable to environmental and biomedical applications, such as water desalination and drug discovery, where targeting and controlled permeation of small molecules must be efficiently addressed.
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