在IMF $B_z$耦合下低纬等离子体漂移变化的证据：一种TIEGCM模拟方法
Evidence of changes in the low-latitude plasma drift under IMF $B_z$ coupling: a TIEGCM simulation approach
摘要：
研究地磁扰动条件下低纬度电离层的动态性质，特别是在EIA和磁赤道区域，对于了解基本物理学以及减轻空间天气对人类文明必不可少的尖端技术系统的危害至关重要。空间天气研究的一个重要方面是深入了解太阳风与地球磁层-电离层系统之间的耦合及其对低纬电离层的影响。本文研究了行星际磁场南北分量（IMF，$B_z$）的实际值对EIA和地磁赤道附近等离子体垂直漂移的影响。2016年10月13日的强风暴事件，落在太阳周期24的下降阶段，已被作为案例研究。热层-电离层-电动力学大气环流模式（TIEGCM）的模拟运行已在两种情况下：第一，当没有耦合存在（IMF $B_z$ = 0 nT），第二，当IMF $B_z$的值的实际观测值作为输入到模式。观测结果表明，当实际资料输入模式时，垂直漂移有明显的西移，而反转前增强后的西移峰值有所增加。本研究是了解强磁暴主相期间低纬等离子体运动变化的初步尝试。这一初步工作将跟进了解全球等离子体漂移的影响下的其他组成部分的IMF附近的EIA和倾角赤道地区的变化。
英文摘要：
Study of the dynamic nature of low-latitude ionosphere during geomagnetically disturbed conditions, especially in the EIA and the magnetic equatorial regions are vital for understanding the underlying physics as well as for mitigating space weather hazards on the sophisticated technological systems essential for human civilization. An important aspect of the space weather studies is the thorough understanding of coupling between the solar wind and the terrestrial magnetosphere-ionosphere system and subsequent influence on the low-latitude ionosphere. This paper presents an effort to understand the influence of actual values of the north-south component of Interplanetary Magnetic Field (IMF, $B_z$) on the vertical plasma drifts at a location near the EIA and the geomagnetic equator. The strong storm event of October 13, 2016, falling in the descending phase of solar cycle 24, has been taken up as a case study. Thermosphere-Ionosphere-Electrodynamics General Circulation Model (TIEGCM) simulation runs have been performed under two scenarios: first when no coupling is present (IMF $B_z$ = 0 nT) and second when actual observations of the values of IMF $B_z$ is given as inputs to the model. Observations show when actual data is fed to the model, there is significant shift of the vertical drift towards westward, while there is an increase in the peak value of the westward drift after the pre-reversal enhancement. This study is an initial effort to understand the variations in low-latitude plasma motions during the main phase of strong geomagnetic storms. This initial work will be followed up with understanding the global plasma drift variations under the influence of other components of the IMF near the EIA and the dip equatorial regions.
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