利用几何约束skyrmions实现布朗油藏计算
Brownian reservoir computing realized using geometrically confined skyrmions
摘要：
水库计算（RC）已被认为是一个关键的计算原则，超越冯诺依曼计算。磁skyrmions，拓扑粒子般的自旋纹理在磁性薄膜是特别有前途的实施RC，因为它们强烈的非线性响应外部刺激和功能固有的多尺度动力学。然而，尽管有几个理论上的建议，存在Skyrmion水库计算，实验实现一直难以捉摸，直到现在。在这里，我们提出并实验证明了一种概念上的新方法，利用skyrmion RC的热激活扩散运动的skyrmion。通过限制电门控和热skyrmion运动，我们发现，已经是一个单一的skyrmion在一个有限的几何形状足以实现非线性可分离的功能，我们证明与所有其他布尔逻辑门操作的XOR门。除了这种通用性，水库计算的概念，确保低培训成本和超低功率运行的电流密度的数量级小于现有的自旋电子水库计算演示中使用的。我们提出的概念可以很容易地通过连接多个受限的几何形状和/或通过在储层中包括更多的skyrmions来扩展，这表明可扩展和低能量储层计算的高潜力。
英文摘要：
Reservoir computing (RC) has been considered as one of the key computational principles beyond von-Neumann computing. Magnetic skyrmions, topological particle-like spin textures in magnetic films are particularly promising for implementing RC, since they respond strongly nonlinear to external stimuli and feature inherent multiscale dynamics. However, despite several theoretical proposals that exist for skyrmion reservoir computing, experimental realizations have been elusive until now. Here, we propose and experimentally demonstrate a conceptually new approach to skyrmion RC that leverages the thermally activated diffusive motion of skyrmions. By confining the electrically gated and thermal skyrmion motion, we find that already a single skyrmion in a confined geometry suffices to realize non-linearly separable functions, which we demonstrate for the XOR gate along with all other Boolean logic gate operations. Besides this universality, the reservoir computing concept ensures low training costs and ultra-low power operation with current densities orders of magnitude smaller than those used in existing spintronic reservoir computing demonstrations. Our proposed concept can be readily extended by linking multiple confined geometries and/or by including more skyrmions in the reservoir, suggesting high potential for scalable and low-energy reservoir computing.
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