最好的防御是一个好的防御：调整谈判方法来解决软件项目评估的压力
The best defense is a good defense: adapting negotiation methods for tackling pressure over software project estimates
摘要：
软件评估是软件项目成功的关键，也是一项具有挑战性的活动。我们认为，估计问题不仅限于产生的估计，而且还使用承诺建立：项目利益相关者的压力估计改变他们的估计或接受不切实际的承诺，以实现业务目标。在这项研究中，我们采用了设计科学研究（DSR）的方法来设计一个基于谈判方法的工件，使软件评估人员能够在面对压力时捍卫他们的估计和寻找不切实际的承诺的替代方案。该人工制品是在实践者中传播谈判软技能的具体步骤。我们提出了初步的结果，从一个焦点小组，表明从业者从软件行业可以使用的工件在一个具体的情况下，估计和建立有关软件项目的承诺。我们未来的步骤包括根据焦点小组参与者的建议改进工件，并在行业中的实际软件项目中对其进行经验评估。
英文摘要：
Software estimation is critical for a software project's success and a challenging activity. We argue that estimation problems are not restricted to the generation of estimates but also their use for commitment establishment: project stakeholders pressure estimators to change their estimates or to accept unrealistic commitments to attain business goals. In this study, we employed a Design Science Research (DSR) methodology to design an artifact based on negotiation methods, to empower software estimators in defending their estimates and searching for alternatives to unrealistic commitments when facing pressure. The artifact is a concrete step towards disseminating the soft skill of negotiation among practitioners. We present the preliminary results from a focus group that showed that practitioners from the software industry could use the artifact in a concrete scenario when estimating and establishing commitments about a software project. Our future steps include improving the artifact with the suggestions from focus group participants and evaluating it empirically in real software projects in the industry.
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