超高速和半相对论恒星的非热辐射
Non-thermal emission in hyper-velocity and semi-relativistic stars
摘要：
上下文有一群逃逸恒星相对于周围环境以极高的速度运动。这些恒星的快速运动和恒星风，加上风与介质的相互作用，可以导致粒子加速和非热辐射。目的。我们研究了快速逃逸恒星的风与其环境之间的相互作用，特别是建立它们作为宇宙射线加速器和非热辐射源的潜力。方法.我们模拟恒星风和周围物质之间的相互作用的流体动力学。我们自洽地计算相对论粒子的注入和运输的弓激波使用多区域代码，并计算其宽带发射从无线电到$γ$ -射线。结果前向和反向激波都是粒子加速的有利场所，尽管粒子的辐射效率很低，因此预期的通量一般相当微弱。结论.我们表明，在无线电波段的高灵敏度的观测可以用来检测非热辐射与弓冲击超高速和半相对论性恒星。超高速恒星被认为是亚TeV宇宙射线的适度来源，可能占银河系宇宙射线的$\sim 0.1$ %。
英文摘要：
Context. There is a population of runaway stars that move at extremely high speeds with respect to their surroundings. The fast motion and the stellar wind of these stars, plus the wind-medium interaction, can lead to particle acceleration and non-thermal radiation. Aims. We characterise the interaction between the winds of fast runaway stars and their environment, in particular to establish their potential as cosmic-ray accelerators and non-thermal emitters. Methods. We model the hydrodynamics of the interaction between the stellar wind and the surrounding material. We self-consistently calculate the injection and transport of relativistic particles in the bow shock using a multi-zone code, and compute their broadband emission from radio to $γ$-rays. Results. Both the forward and reverse shocks are favourable sites for particle acceleration, although the radiative efficiency of particles is low and therefore the expected fluxes are in general rather faint. Conclusions. We show that high-sensitivity observations in the radio band can be used to detect the non-thermal radiation associated with bow shocks from hypervelocity and semi-relativistic stars. Hypervelocity stars are expected to be modest sources of sub-TeV cosmic rays, accounting perhaps for a $\sim 0.1$% of that of galactic cosmic rays.
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