再论白矮星坍缩对非对称暗物质的限制
Revisiting constraints on asymmetric dark matter from collapse in white dwarf stars
摘要：
白矮星内部的小暗物质团的失控坍缩阶段包含一个可逆阶段，在这个阶段，热量可以在核物质和暗物质之间来回传递。诱导核燃烧阶段是稳定的，早期的碳耗尽破坏了先前Ia型超新星点火的说法。相反，迷你黑洞在恒星中心形成，它们要么蒸发要么吸积恒星物质，直到形成宏观的亚克拉塞卡质量的黑洞。在后一种情况下，在白矮星的潜在磁场喷出时，可以检测到持续0.1到1秒的电磁瞬态信号。双星系统转化为黑洞，随后合并，发射出引力波。先进的LIGO/Virgo每年应该能探测到一个这样的亚克拉塞卡双星黑洞，而未来类似爱因斯坦望远镜的设施每年将探测到数千个。有效的自旋参数分布的峰值为0.2，并允许未来的研究解开从原始的sub-Bracrasekhar黑洞。这样的签名与当前的直接检测约束，以及中子星的玻色子暗物质的情况下的约束是兼容的，即使他们仍然与费米子的情况下的参数空间的一部分冲突。
英文摘要：
The runaway collapse phase of a small dark matter cluster inside a white dwarf star encompasses a reversible stage, where heat can be transferred back and forth between nuclear and dark matter. Induced nuclear burning phases are stable and early carbon depletion undermines previous claims of type Ia supernova ignition. Instead, mini black holes are formed at the center of the star that either evaporate or accrete stellar material until a macroscopic sub-Chandrasekhar-mass black hole is formed. In the latter case, a 0.1 to 1 second lasting electromagnetic transient signal can be detected upon ejection of the white dwarf's potential magnetic field. Binary systems that transmute to black holes and subsequently merge emit gravitational waves. Advanced LIGO/Virgo should detect one such sub-Chandrasekhar binary black hole inspiral per year, while future Einstein telescope-like facilities will detect thousands per year. The effective spin parameter distribution is peaked at 0.2 and permits future studies to disentangle from primordial sub-Chandrasekhar black holes. Such signatures are compatible with current direct detection constraints, as well as with neutron star constraints in the case of bosonic dark matter, even though they remain in conflict with the fermionic case for part of the parameter space.
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