在PyCBC离线搜索中确立单台探测器引力波信号的显著性
Establishing significance of gravitational-wave signals from a single observatory in the PyCBC offline search
AI总结：
本研究提出一种外推单探测器引力波信号显著性的新方法，在O3数据中找回7个低误报率单探测器事件，验证后可提升引力波搜索的时间-体积灵敏度。
摘要：
对致密双体并合的引力波观测正让我们得以窥见宇宙更深处的黑洞和中子星，近期的研究成果是迄今为止针对致密天体开展的灵敏度最高的搜索工作。目前大多数致密双体并合引力波搜索都依赖于从多台探测器中检测符合触发条件的信号。本文提出了一种新方法，可在分析的有效观测时长之外外推单探测器信号的显著性。借助该方法，我们能够找回仅在单台探测器中触发的强信号。我们在O3数据的搜索中验证了这一方法，找回了7个误报率低于每年2次的单探测器事件。这些事件与GWTC-2.1和GWTC-3单探测器搜索中发现的事件完全一致，也涵盖了3-OGC和4-OGC中除一个事件外的所有事件。通过一系列信号注入实验，我们估计，与完全忽略单探测器事件的情况相比，在每两年1次误报率的条件下，总时间-体积灵敏度最高可提升$1.20 \pm 0.02$倍。
英文摘要：
Gravitational-wave observations of compact binary coalescences are allowing us to see black holes and neutron stars further into the universe and recent results represent the most sensitive searches for compact objects ever undertaken. Most searches for gravitational waves from compact binary coalescence currently rely on detecting coincident triggers from multiple detectors. In this paper, we describe a new method for extrapolating significance of single-detector signals beyond the live-time of the analysis. Using this method, we can recover loud signals which only triggered in a single detector. We demonstrate this method in a search of O3 data, and recover seven single-detector events with a false alarm rate less than two per year. These were the same events as discovered in the GWTC-2.1 and GWTC-3 searches in a single detector, and all but one event from 3-OGC and 4-OGC. Through a campaign of injected signals, we estimate that the total time--volume sensitivity increases by a factor of up to $1.20 \pm 0.02$ at a false alarm rate of one per two years compared to completely ignoring single-detector events.
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