原子核中μ子到电子转换的实验研究：COMET、DeeMe和Mu2e。为Snowmass 21撰写的论文
Experimental Searches for Muon to Electron Conversion in a Nucleus: COMET, DeeMe, and Mu2e. A Contributed paper for Snowmass 21
摘要：
带电轻子味违反（CLFV）的研究为一系列新的物理场景提供了深入的探索，例如超对称模型，涉及标量轻子夸克或额外的希格斯双重态的理论，以及解释中微子质量等级和宇宙通过轻子生成的物质-反物质不对称性的模型。在原子核的场中，μ子到电子的相干、无中微子转换，$μ^{-}+N\rightarrow e^{-} +N$，是对这种新物理学敏感的μ子CLFV过程的一个例子。本文详细介绍了未来十年将进行的三个寻找$μ^{-}+N\rightarrow e^{-} +N$的实验：COMET、DeeMe和Mu 2 e。这些实验提供了高达$\mathcal{O}(10^{4}$ TeV/c（$^{2}$）的有效新物理质量尺度的灵敏度，远远超出了直接基于对撞机的搜索所能实现的。这三个实验的理论动机，设计和预期的时间表。这些实验是CLFV全球搜索的关键部分。强烈鼓励继续支持所有计划中的μ子CLFV实验搜索。
英文摘要：
Searches for charged lepton flavor violation (CLFV) offer deep probes for a range of new physics scenarios, such as super-symmetric models, theories involving scalar leptoquarks or additional Higgs doublets, and models explaining the neutrino mass hierarchy and the matter-antimatter asymmetry of the universe via leptogenesis. The coherent, neutrinoless conversion of a muon to an electron in the field of a nucleus, $μ^{-}+N\rightarrow e^{-} +N$, is one example of a muonic CLFV process which has sensitivity to this new physics. This paper details three experiments: COMET, DeeMe and Mu2e which will search for $μ^{-}+N\rightarrow e^{-} +N$ in the coming decade. These experiments offer sensitivity up to an effective new physics mass scale of $\mathcal{O}(10^{4}$ TeV/c$^{2}$), going far beyond what can be achieved in direct, collider-based, searches. The theoretical motivation, designs and anticipated timelines for these three experiments are presented. These experiments are a crucial part of a global search for CLFV. Continued support for all planned experimental searches for muonic CLFV is strongly encouraged.
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